Question

write the steps involved in the extraction of pure metals in the middle of the activity series from their carbonates ores

Answer 1

some of them can be reduced just by simple heating but if they are present above them you have to use suitable reducing agent like carbon monoxide etc

Answer 2

ⓗⓔⓡⓔ ⓘⓢ ⓨⓞⓤⓡ ⓐⓝⓢⓦⓔⓡ

ᴛʜᴇ ᴍᴇᴛᴀʟs ɪɴ ᴛʜᴇ ᴍɪᴅᴅʟᴇ ᴏғ ᴛʜᴇ ʀᴇᴀᴄᴛɪᴠɪᴛʏ sᴇʀɪᴇs ᴀʀᴇ MODERATELY REACTIVE. THESE ARE ᴜsᴜᴀʟʟʏ ᴘʀᴇsᴇɴᴛ ᴀs sᴜʟᴘʜɪᴅᴇs ᴏʀ ᴄᴀʀʙᴏɴᴀᴛᴇs ɪɴ ɴᴀᴛᴜʀᴇ ᴛʜᴇ ᴍᴇᴛᴀʟ sᴜʟᴘʜɪᴅᴇs ᴀɴᴅ ᴄᴀʀʙᴏɴᴀᴛᴇs ᴍᴜsᴛ ʙᴇ ᴄᴏɴᴠᴇʀᴛᴇᴅ ɪɴᴛᴏ ᴍᴇᴛᴀʟ ᴏxɪᴅᴇs.

ᴛʜᴇ sᴜʟᴘʜɪᴅᴇ ᴏʀᴇs ᴀʀᴇ ᴄᴏɴᴠᴇʀᴛᴇᴅ ɪɴᴛᴏ ᴏxɪᴅᴇs ʙʏ ʜᴇᴀᴛɪɴɢ sᴛʀᴏɴɢʟʏ ɪɴ ᴛʜᴇ ᴘʀᴇsᴇɴᴄᴇ ᴏғ ᴇxᴄᴇss ᴀɪʀ. ᴛʜɪs ᴘʀᴏᴄᴇss ɪs ᴋɴᴏᴡɴ ᴀs ʀᴏᴀsᴛɪɴɢ.

ᴛʜᴇ ᴄᴀʀʙᴏɴᴀᴛᴇs ᴏʀᴇs ᴀʀᴇ ᴄʜᴀɴɢᴇᴅ ɪɴᴛᴏ ᴏxɪᴅᴇs ʙʏ ʜᴇᴀᴛɪɴɢ sᴛʀᴏɴɢʟʏ ɪɴ ʟɪᴍɪᴛᴇᴅ ᴀɪʀ. ᴛʜɪs ᴘʀᴏᴄᴇss ɪs ᴋɴᴏᴡɴ ᴀs ᴄᴀʟᴄɪɴᴀᴛɪᴏɴ.

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