write the summary of the poem (the puzzle)
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Answer:
When we procrastinate, we voluntarily delay an intended action despite the knowledge that this delay may harm us in terms of the task performance or even just how we feel about the task or ourselves.
Pychyl believes there are many types of delay in our lives and we need to learn to appreciate this. Some are not only necessary; they’re wise.
To understand the procrastination puzzle—that voluntary but needless delay in our lives that undermines our goal pursuit—we need to understand our reluctance to act when it is in our best interest to act.
Pychyl’s initial strategy for change is to begin categorizing in your own mind which delays in your life are procrastination.
Exercise: Write down the tasks, projects, activities, or “things” in your life on which you tend to procrastinate. Next to each, jot down what emotions and thoughts come to mind when you think of each of these moments of procrastination. When you have finished your list, look for patterns in the emotions or thoughts involved.
“Procrastination is failing to get on with life itself.”
People express two kinds of regret in their grief over the loss of a loved one: regrets of commission and omission. Unsurprisingly, the regrets of omission related to our procrastination are found to be the most troubling in the grieving process.
“When we learn to stop needless, voluntary delay in our lives, we live more fully.”
Exercise: Next to each of the tasks or goals you wrote down earlier, note how your procrastination has affected you in terms of things such as your happiness, stress, health, finances, relationships, and so on. If possible, discuss this with a confidante or a significant other in your life who knows you well. Further, add notes about why this goal or task is important to get done, as well as the benefits of acting now as opposed to later.
Mantra: I won’t give in to feel good. Feeling good now comes at a cost.
We fail to self-regulate (control ourselves) because we “give in to feel good.”
Pychyl says it’s important to recognize that giving in to feel good is at the heart of self-regulation failure, and it is important to develop strategies for change.
When faced with a task where our natural inclination is to say, “I’ll do this later” or “I’ll feel more like this tomorrow,” we need to stop and recognize that we are saying this in order to avoid the negative emotions we are feeling right now.
We need to recognize that this task makes us feel awful and what we are trying to do is to run away from these feelings.
Emotional intelligence is the ability to effectively identify and utilize emotions to guide behavior.
The first step at the moment of procrastination is to stay put.
Use an implementation intention to deal with negative emotions, for example, “IF I feel negative emotions when I face the task at hand, THEN I will stay put and not stop, put off a task, or run away.”
Forecasting our future mood is known as affective forecasting.
The main idea behind affective forecasting is that we have a bias when we predict future mood (affective) states in relation to positive and negative events.
There are two biases that influence procrastination:
Focalism. Our tendency to underestimate the extent to which other events will influence our thoughts and feelings in the future.
Presentism. Our tendency to put too much emphasis on the present in our prediction of the future.
When we intend a future action, our affective state is often particularly positive.
“When we are tempted to procrastinate on a current intention or task, thinking that we’ll feel more like it tomorrow, we need to stop and think, ‘No, that’s a problem with my forecasting. There is a good chance I won’t feel more like it tomorrow.’ AND it is important to add the following: ‘My current motivational state does not need to match my intention in order to act.’”
Acknowledging that our motivational state is neither necessary nor sufficient to ensure action, we can simply remind ourselves of our personal goals (a form of self-affirmation) and “just get started.”
Let go of the misconception that your motivational state must match the task at hand.
When you start to act on your intention as intended, you’ll see your attitude and motivation change.
We need to consider the biases in our thinking including our tendency to:
Discount future rewards in relation to short-term rewards
Underestimate the time things will take and overestimate how much we can do
Prefer tomorrow over today
Self-handicap to protect self-esteem
Think irrationally about the task at hand and our ability to accomplish the task
Manufacture our own happiness by changing our thinking to be consistent with our behavior
A common cause of procrastination is our intransitive preference for approaching work.
Explanation:
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Dave Lucas1
A poem isn't a puzzle to be solved but an experience to share
DAVE LUCAS
NOV 3, 2018 7:31 PM
“I never got poetry,” someone says to me again. And I sigh.
Because I never got it either — at least, not until I learned to stop worrying about “getting it.”
In fact, “get” — with its connotation of acquisition and possession — is the wrong word for what we do with poetry. It suggests that a poem is something we take in order to have or keep it. As if a poem were a half-gallon of 2 percent milk to be picked up on the way home.
Walt Whitman, a poet I once believed I didn’t get, jokes about this approach to poetry in section 2 of “Song of Myself:” “Have you practis’d so long to learn to read?” he asks. “Have you felt so proud to get at the meaning of poems?” Instead, Whitman urges a more sensory, individual reading of poetry:
You shall no longer take things at second or third hand, nor look through the
eyes of the dead, nor feed on the spectres in books,
You shall not look through my eyes either, nor take things from me,