● Write the various executive power of president ?
Answers
- president is the supreme commander of all the three types of armies
- president have to give assent on parliamentary bills
- president appoints all the governor in different states
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Explanation:
The Prime Minister of India holds the pivotal position and in fact he is more powerful than the President.
The office of the Prime Minister first originated in England and was borrowed by the framers of the constitution. Article 74(i) of our constitution expressly states that the Prime Minister shall be at the head- of the council of ministers. Hence, the other ministers cannot function without the Prime Minister.
Lord Morley described him primes interpaves (first among equals) and Sir William Vernon called him inter stellas luna minores (moon among the stars). Harold Laski, on the other hand called him “The pivot of the whole system of Government” Ivon Jeanings described him “The sun round which the planets revolve.”
Beloft called him “dictator” and Hinton said the Prime Minister was an elected monarch.
The Prime Minister is the heart of the Cabinet, focal point of the political system. He is the real executive of the country despite the constitutional provisions of the west minister model of cabinet Government in India, the Prime Minister has emerged as the undisputed chief of the executive. The personality of the Prime Minister determines the nature of the authority that he or she is likely to exercise.
Theoretically, the Prime Minister is selected by the President of India. In reality, the President invites the leader of the majority party in Parliament to form the council of ministers. Usually, political parties go to the parliamentary polls with a clear choice of their leaders. For the most part, the voters know, if and when a particular party wins a majority in the lower house of parliament, who is likely to be-the Prime Minister.
The President can exercise some discretion in the selection of the Prime Minister when no party commands a clear majority in the lower house of parliament. In such circumstances, the President may request the single largest party to form Government or alternatively, he may allow a coalition Government to be formed.
When a party leader has a clear majority support in the lower house of parliament, the President has no choice but to call upon him to form the council of ministers.
Powers and functions of the Prime Minister;
The Prime Minister performs many significant functions in the Indian political system and exercises vast powers to his advantage. He is the chief executive of the nation and works as head of the Union Government.
“The Prime Minister is according to Nehiir, “The Linch-Pin of the Government” and as such his powers and I functions are following :
(1) Head of Government:
The President of India is Head of state while PRIME MINISTER is Head of Government. Although the President of India is vested with many executive powers, in actual practice he or she acts only at the advice of the Prime Minister and the cabinet.
All major appointments of the Union Government are virtually made by the Prime Minister and all the major decision-making bodies likes the Union Cabinet, Planning Commission, Cabinet Committee functions under his supervision and direction.
(2) Leader of the Cabinet:
The Prime Minister is the leader of the cabinet. According to Article 74(i), “There shall be I a council of ministers with the Prime Minister at the head.” Like I the feritish Prime Minister he is not only primus inter pares but to use Ivor Jeanings phrase, a sun around which other ministers revolve like planets. It is he who selects the other ministers. It is he who distributes portfolios among them.
It is he who presides over meetings of the cabinet and determines what business shall be transacted at these meetings. He can change the personel of the cabinet at any time by demanding a minister’s resignation or having him dismissed by the President. Mukherjee, Mathai, Neogy, Ambedkar, and C.D. Deshmukh resigned mainly because of personal differences with Nehru.
The Prime Minister, as Chairman of the cabinet can influence cabinet decisions which are made by consensus more often than by voting. It is for the Prime Minister to sum of the sense of the meeting and declare the consensus. His resignation involves the resignation of all ministers.
Laski’s dictum, “the Prime Minister is central to the formation of the council of ministers, central to its life and central to its death is as true of the Prime Minister of India as of his British counterpart.