Question

Write three characteristics of particles of matter. Give one example of each? Long answer

Answer 1

The three characteristics shown by particles of matter are as follows.

1.PARTICLES HAVE SPACE BETWEEN THEM.

2.PARTICLES ARE CONTINUOUSLY MOVING.

3.PARTICLES ATTRACT EACH OTHER.

Answer 2

The three characteristics shown by particles of matter are as follows.

◆PARTICLES HAVE SPACE BETWEEN THEM.

◆PARTICLES ARE CONTINUOUSLY MOVING.

◆PARTICLES ATTRACT EACH OTHER.

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1. PARTICLES HAVE SPACE BETWEEN THEM

There are small voids between every particle in a matter. This characteristic is the concept behind the solubility of a substance in other substances. Let’s try to understand this with an illustration.

Take a glass of water. Put a teaspoon of salt/sugar and mix them properly. You will observe that the water is still clear. This is because the particles of salt/sugar get into the interparticle spaces between the water particles. This proves that there are voids between particles of a substance. If you add more salt/sugar, it will dissolve until all the space between water particles get filled.

2. PARTICLES ARE CONTINUOUSLY MOVING

Particles of the matter show continuous random movements. The kinetic energy they possess helps them in this movement. The spreading of ink in a beaker of glass, the smell comes from agarbattis, etc. are few illustrations that show the movement of particles of a substance. When the particles of two different types of matters intermix on their own, the phenomenon is called diffusion.

Matter

Diffusion

Diffusion of particles becomes fast when the temperature is increased. A rise in temperature increases the kinetic energy of the particles, making them move more vigorously.

3. PARTICLES ATTRACT EACH OTHER

Take an iron rod, a chalk, and a pen. Try to break each one of these. Which one of these is easy to break? The iron rod is stronger than the other two items. What makes an item stronger? Yes, it’s the particles in them which are held by the inter-particle force of attraction.

In every substance, there is an inter-particle force of attraction acting between its particles. To break something we need to overcome this force. The strength of the force differs from one substance to another.

The inter-particle force of attraction and the kinetic energy of the particles primarily determine the physical state of any matter.

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