write two differentiate between poland and chille ( regarding its political scenario)
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Answer:
POLAND AND CHILE THERE ARE LOTS OF DIFFERENCES TOO
Jackson Diehl's "This Isn't Just Poland, This Is Chile Again" {op-ed, Dec. 18} illustrates not a "striking similarity" between Chile and Poland but a striking naivete' on the part of your East European correspondent.
When Diehl refers to "uncompromising dictatorships" in Chile and Poland, he fails to mention that Chile has a timetable for the resumption of full democracy by 1989 and that political laws are being enacted to further democratization. That process, the freedoms Chileans enjoy and the Soviet troops stationed in Poland make the situations in Chile and Poland quite different.
Second, I would like to remind Diehl that Chileans can purchase a wide range of opposition publications at their corner newsstand, some of them quite extremist in their ideology. Opposition parties in Chile function openly, holding national conventions closely covered by the Chilean press, as was the case of the National Party and the Christian Democratic Party recently.
Jackson Diehl's "This Isn't Just Poland, This Is Chile Again" {op-ed, Dec. 18} illustrates not a "striking similarity" between Chile and Poland but a striking naivete' on the part of your East European correspondent.
When Diehl refers to "uncompromising dictatorships" in Chile and Poland, he fails to mention that Chile has a timetable for the resumption of full democracy by 1989 and that political laws are being enacted to further democratization. That process, the freedoms Chileans enjoy and the Soviet troops stationed in Poland make the situations in Chile and Poland quite different.
Second, I would like to remind Diehl that Chileans can purchase a wide range of opposition publications at their corner newsstand, some of them quite extremist in their ideology. Opposition parties in Chile function openly, holding national conventions closely covered by the Chilean press, as was the case of the National Party and the Christian Democratic Party recently.
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Diehl also forgets the freedom that labor unions enjoy in Chile, quite the contrary to the situation in Poland. Furthermore, an electoral registration process is now functioning, and the government is holding talks with democratic political groups about the contents of the future political-parties law. I have to ask, then, where are the similarities with Poland?
Third, when comparing the climate in which the Chilean and Polish Catholic churches carry out their spiritual and temporal activities, not even the thinnest analogy holds up between Poland, a country with an atheistic Marxist-Leninist government, and Chile, where not only the Roman Catholic Church but every religious group, enjoys unrestricted freedom of action and where most government officials are, in fact, practicing Catholics.
The only real similarity between Chile and Poland is that both of them are engaged in a struggle against communism, a difficult struggle little understood in other nations. -- Hernan Felipe Errazuriz The writer is ambassador of Chile.
Jackson Diehl is not the first person to liken Poland to Chile. But before I comment on the analogies, let me deal with the dissimilarities between the two countries, something Diehl does not talk about:
Poland is Soviet-dominated; Chile is not foreign-dominated. Poland is in the Soviet-led Warsaw Pact and Comecon, which it cannot leave without risking Soviet armed intervention; Chile does not belong to any similar and foreign-led group.
Poland has various bilateral treaties and unofficial arrangements with the U.S.S.R., which make it tightly subordinated to it; Chile has nothing even faintly resembling this with any foreign country.
Poland's 1976 constitution obligates the country to "friendship and cooperation with the Soviet Union," and it is up to the U.S.S.R. to rule whether such a stipulation is fully observed; no such loyalty to any foreign country is mentioned in Chile's constitution.
Chile is free of foreign troops, while there are 60,000 Soviet troops inside Poland and more than 1 million on its borders. Even the 300-mile-long Baltic coast is permanently patrolled by some 150 Soviet naval units, not to mention the Soviet air force.
Finally, Chile's pro-regime political parties are unknown to be in any way subordinated to any foreign political parties, while in Poland the PZPR, or the communist party, is strictly subordinated to the CPSU, or the Soviet Communist Party.
Let me now turn to Diehl's analogies.
First, he claims that the Catholic Church in both countries is the mainstay of the opposition. But there are differences. Chile's Catholic Church is quite impressed with the "liberation theology," while Poland's Catholic Church is not.
Second, one cannot really liken the accidental death of Chile's Rev. Andres Jarland during some street events with the deliberate murder of Poland's Rev. Jerzy Popieluszko by security officers. Especially since the real perpetrators and motives of the murder remain unknown to this day.
Third, atheism is not Chile's official policy, while in Poland it is.
Diehl writes: "In Chile, these people {the opposition} turn out to be socialists and communists from Salvador Allende's pre-coup coalition. In Poland, they are just as often right-wing nationalists." Diehl misunderstands. I am quite familiar with the composition of the Polish opposition and can state that it is social-democratic, liberal, socialist and apolitical. Those with links to the church are not that different. One should add that the opposition in Poland does not preach violence to advance its goals, unlike many opposition groups in Chile, including those who seek the church's protection.