Question

WRITE YOUR OPINION ON PROGRESS IN INDIAN RAILWAYS.​

Answer 1

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Railways were the most important infrastructure development in India from 1850 to 1947. In terms of the economy, railways played a major role in integrating markets and increasing trade. In terms of politics, railways shaped the finances of the colonial government and the Princely States.

Answer 2

Explanation:

Indian Railways (IR) is a governmental entity under the Ministry of Railways that operates India's national railway system.[6] It is run by the government as a public good and manages the fourth-largest railway network in the world by size, with a route length of 68,155 km (42,350 mi) as of March 2019. 40,576 km (25,213 mi) or 64% of all the broad-gauge routes are electrified with 25 kV 50 Hz AC electric traction as of August 2020.

In the fiscal year ending March 2019, IR carried 844 crore (8.44 billion) passengers and transported 123 crore (1.23 billion) tonnes of freight.[4] IR runs 13,523 passenger trains daily, on both long-distance and suburban routes, covering 7,321 stations across India.[4] Mail or Express trains, the most common types, run at an average speed of 50.6 km/h (31.4 mph). Suburban EMUs run at an average speed of 37.5 km/h (23.3 mph). Ordinary Passenger Trains (incl. mixed) run at an average speed of 33.5 km/h (20.8 mph).[4] The maximum speed of passenger trains varies, with the Vande Bharat Express running at a peak speed of 180 km/h (110 mph).

In the freight segment, IR runs more than 9,146 trains daily.[4] The average speed of freight trains is around 24 km/h (15 mph). The maximum speed of freight trains varies from 60 to 75 km/h (37 to 47 mph) depending on their axle load with 'container special' trains running at a peak speed of 100 km/h (62 mph).

As of March 2019, Indian Railways' rolling stock consisted of 289,185 freight wagons, 74,003 passenger coaches and 12,147 locomotives.[4] IR owns locomotive and coach-production facilities at several locations in India. IR had 1.3 million employees as of March 2019, making it the world's eighth-largest employer.[4]

The government has committed to electrifying India's entire rail network by 2023–24, and become a "net-zero (carbon emissions) railway" by 2030.[7]