Question

wrote short note on quantum number with example​

Answer 1

Answer:

A quantum number is a value that is used when describing the energy levels available to atoms and molecules. An electron in an atom or ion has four quantum numbers to describe its state and yield solutions to the Schrödinger wave equation for the hydrogen atom.

There are four quantum numbers:

n - principal quantum number: describes the energy level

ℓ - azimuthal or angular momentum quantum number: describes the subshell

mℓ or m - magnetic quantum number: describes the orbital of the subshell

ms or s - spin quantum number: describes the spin.

Example:-For the outer valence electrons of a carbon atom, the electrons are found in the 2p orbital. The four quantum numbers used to describe the electrons are n=2, ℓ=1, m=1, 0, or -1, and s=1/2 (the electrons have parallel spins).

Answer 2

QUANTUM NUMBER -

• The set of numbers represents the energy of the orbits, position and energy of electrons, and spin of electrons in the orbit.
• It describes the probable location of the electron.
• The quantum numbers are classified as -

1. Principal Quantum Number

• Describes the electron energy level of an atom.
• It gives information about the shell of the atom.
• Ranges from the value of n as 1.

2. Azimuthal Quantum Number

• It describes the subshell and shape of the orbit.
• Denoted by the letter 'l' and enumerated as 0 - s, 1 - p, 2 - d, 3 - f with increasing energy.

3. Magnetic Quantum Number

• Explains the orientation of the subshell and the number of the shell.
• Denoted by the letter 'm'.
• Ranges from -l to +l and the value can be negative or zero.

4. Spin Quantum Number

• Designates spins and the direction of the electrons.
• The positive value denotes upward spin and the negative value gives downward spin.