Question

X is used to denote potential root cause for process vaiation

Answer 1

Hello !

Common cause variability is a source of variation caused by unknown factors that result in a steady but random distribution of output around the average of the data. Common cause variation is a measure of the process's potential, or how well the process can perform when special cause variation is removed

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Answer 2

It is a measure of the process potential, or how well the process can perform when special cause variation removed. ... Therefore, it is a measure of the process technology. Common cause variation is also called random variation, noise, noncontrollable variation, within-group variation, or inherent variation.