xplain the analysis of 3 phase balanced circuit with suitable diagram.
Answers
Answer:
The electrical system is of two types i.e., the single-phase system and the three-phase system. The single-phase system has only one phase wire and one return wire thus it is used for low power transmission.
The three-phase system has three live wire and one returns the path. The three-phase system is used for transmitting a large amount of power. The 3 phase system is divided mainly into two types. One is a balanced three-phase system and another one is an unbalanced three-phase system.
Contents:
Analysis of Balanced 3 Phase Circuit
Analysis of Unbalanced 3 Phase Circuit
Interconnection of 3 Phase System
Connection of 3 Phase Loads in 3 Phase System
The balance system is one in which the load are equally distributed in all the three phases of the system. The magnitude of voltage remains same in all the three phases and it is separated by an angle of 120º.
In the unbalance system the magnitude of voltage in all the three phases becomes different.
Analysis of Balanced 3 Phase Circuit
It is always better to solve the balanced three-phase circuits on the basis of each phase. When the three-phase supply voltage is given without reference to the line or phase value, then it is the line voltage which is taken into consideration.
Step 1 – First of all draw the circuit diagram.
Step 2 – Determine XLP = XL/phase = 2πfL.
Step 3 – Determine XCP = XC/phase = 1/2πfC.
Step 4 – Determine XP = X/ phase = XL – XC
Step 5 – Determine ZP = Z/phase = √R2P + X2P
Step 6 – Determine cosϕ = RP/ZP; the power factor is lagging when XLP > XCP and it is leading when XCP > XLP.
Step 7 – Determine the V phase.
For star connection VP = VL/√3 and for delta connection VP = VL
Step 8 – Determine IP = VP/ZP.
Step 9 – Now, determine the line current IL.
For star connection IL = IP and for delta connection IL = √3 IP
Step 10 – Determine the Active, Reactive and Apparent power.
Analysis of Unbalanced 3 Phase Circuit
The analysis of the 3 Phase unbalanced system is slightly difficult, and the load is connected either as Star or Delta. The topic is discussed in detail in the article named as Star to Delta and Delta to Star Conversion.
Interconnection of 3 Phase System
In a three-phase AC generator, there are three windings. Each winding has two terminals (start and finish). If a separate load is connected across each phase winding as shown in the figure below, then each phase supplies as independent load through a pair of wires. Thus, six wires will be required to connect the load to a generator. This will make the whole system complicated and costly.
Explanation:
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