Question

You are given with two substances A and B; A is baking soda solution & B is vinegar.


Note down their colour changes with purple cabbage, china rose and turmeric.​

Answer 1

Answer:

Acid Base Salt

Substances can be divided into three types – Acid, Base and Salt.

ACID: Taste of acid is sour. There are many substances that contain acid and so taste sour. For example – lemon, curd, pickles, orange juice, vinegar, etc.

Substances that taste sour are called acidic. The chemical nature of such substance is known as ACIDIC.

The word acid comes from Latin ‘ACERE’ which means sour.

BASE: Taste of base is bitter. Substances that contain base taste bitter. For example; soap or soap solution, baking soda, washing soda, etc.

The chemical nature of substances that contain base is known as BASIC.

INDICATOR: A substance which detects the acidic or basic nature of another substance by change in colour is called acid-base indicator. It is not advisable to taste any substance in laboratory because it can be harmful. Hence, acid-base indicators are used to check if a given substance is acid or base.

Types of Indicator:

Indicators can be divided into two types.

Natural Indicator: Indicators that are obtained from naturally occurring substance are called NATURAL INDICATORS. Example: litmus, turmeric, China rose, etc.

Synthetic Indicator: Indicators that are made in laboratory are called SYNTHETIC INDICATORS. Example: phenolphthalein, methyl orange, etc.

NATURAL INDICATORS:

Litmus: Litmus is extracted from Lichens. Lichen is a composite organism. Lichens consist of fungi and algae living in symbiotic relationship.

Litmus is a purple coloured liquid in distilled water. Litmus comes in the form of strips of two colours. One is called blue litmus paper and another is called red litmus paper. Litmus liquid and litmus paper are used to detect the acidic or basic nature of a substance.

Colour of litmus paper in acid: Blue litmus paper turns into red when dipped in acidic solution.

Colour of litmus paper in base: Red litmus paper turns into blue when dipped in basic solution.