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VAQUESTIONS:
[1] Define: (a) S.H.M (b) Time period and (c) frequency of o
[2] Explain F= - kx. What is the significance of negative sign:
[3] What is the unit of k?
[4] Why should the amplitude of oscillations be small?
[5] On which factors does the value of k depend?
Answers
1)
a) Simple Harmonic Motion (SHM) :
It is a different type of periodic motion in which the restoring force is directly proportional to the displacement and the Force acts always towards one point which is the equilibrium position and is always opposite to that of displacement.
b) Time Period :
It is time taken for one complete oscillation.
c) Frequency:
It the number oscillation per second. SI unit is: Hz
2) We know a spring performs Simple Harmonic motion when stretched. F = -kx is a spring force equation. As defined as in SHM the restoring force is always proportional to displace and the force acts always opposite to the displacement. The -ve sign signifies that the force is directed opposite to the direction of the restoring force.
3) The unit of k (spring constant) is Nm⁻¹.
4) Actually the amplitude need not be small, it can be very huge. It is applicable only in cases like that of pendulum where, when amplitude is small the angle made is very small and the angular acceleration becomes proportional to negative of angular displacement.
5) The value of k depends on the material and stiffness of the spring.
Hope this helps.