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The Laws of Physics that are followed at the Macro Level fail, when it comes down to the Smallest Level called 'QUANTA'
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Answer:
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Explanation:
As progress in the science field was happening, Maxwell’s suggestion about the wave nature of electromagnetic radiation was helpful in explaining phenomena such as interference, diffraction, etc. However, he failed to explain various other observations such as the nature of emission of radiation from hot bodies, photoelectric effect, i.e. ejection of electrons from a metal compound when electromagnetic radiation strikes it, the dependence of heat capacity of solids upon temperature, line spectra of atoms (especially hydrogen).
Black Body Radiation
Solids, when heated, emit radiation varying over a wide range of wavelengths. For example: when we heat solid colour, changes continue with a further increase in temperature. This change in colour happens from a lower frequency region to a higher frequency region as the temperature increases. For example, in many cases, it changes from red to blue. An ideal body which can emit and absorb radiation of all frequencies is called a black body. The radiation emitted by such bodies is called black body radiation.
Thus, we can say that variation of frequency for black body radiation depends on the temperature. At a given temperature, the intensity of radiation is found to increase with an increase in the wavelength of radiation which increases to a maximum value and then decreases with an increase in the wavelength. This phenomenon couldn’t be explained with the help of Maxwell’s suggestions. Hence, Planck proposed Planck’s quantum theory to explain this phenomenon.
Answer:
Quantization of Energy
Quantization of EnergyLEARNING OBJECTIVES
Quantization of EnergyLEARNING OBJECTIVESBy the end of this section, you will be able to:
Quantization of EnergyLEARNING OBJECTIVESBy the end of this section, you will be able to:Explain Max Planck’s contribution to the development of quantum mechanics.
Quantization of EnergyLEARNING OBJECTIVESBy the end of this section, you will be able to:Explain Max Planck’s contribution to the development of quantum mechanics.Explain why atomic spectra indicate quantization.
Quantization of EnergyLEARNING OBJECTIVESBy the end of this section, you will be able to:Explain Max Planck’s contribution to the development of quantum mechanics.Explain why atomic spectra indicate quantization.Planck’s Contribution
Quantization of EnergyLEARNING OBJECTIVESBy the end of this section, you will be able to:Explain Max Planck’s contribution to the development of quantum mechanics.Explain why atomic spectra indicate quantization.Planck’s ContributionEnergy is quantized in some systems, meaning that the system can have only certain energies and not a continuum of energies, unlike the classical case. This would be like having only certain speeds at which a car can travel because its kinetic energy can have only certain values. We also find that some forms of energy transfer take place with discrete lumps of energy. While most of us are familiar with the quantization of matter into lumps called atoms, molecules, and the like, we are less aware that energy, too, can be quantized. Some of the earliest clues about the necessity of quantum mechanics over classical physics came from the quantization of energy.
Quantization of EnergyLEARNING OBJECTIVESBy the end of this section, you will be able to:Explain Max Planck’s contribution to the development of quantum mechanics.Explain why atomic spectra indicate quantization.Planck’s ContributionEnergy is quantized in some systems, meaning that the system can have only certain energies and not a continuum of energies, unlike the classical case. This would be like having only certain speeds at which a car can travel because its kinetic energy can have only certain values. We also find that some forms of energy transfer take place with discrete lumps of energy. While most of us are familiar with the quantization of matter into lumps called atoms, molecules, and the like, we are less aware that energy, too, can be quantized. Some of the earliest clues about the necessity of quantum mechanics over classical physics came from the quantization of energy.The blackbody radiation graph of E M radiation intensity versus wavelengths is shown, with the visible band represented as vertical colored strip marked on x axis. Wavelength is along x axis and E M radiation intensity is along y axis. The variation of E M radiation intensity is shown by three curves that start at origin, rise up to their highest point and then drop toward the x axis smoothly, and finally extend parallel to the x axis. There are three curves for three different temperatures, and each has a different peak for radiation intensity. As the temperature decreases, the peak of the black body radiation curves moves to a lower radiation intensity and longer wavelength.
The figure must be here
Figure 1. Graphs of blackbody radiation (from an ideal radiator) at three different radiator temperatures. The intensity or rate of radiation emission increases dramatically with temperature, and the peak of the spectrum shifts toward the visible and ultraviolet parts of the spectrum. The shape of the spectrum cannot be described with classical physics.
