ZPHS B DHANWADA SOCIAL STUDIES EVALUATION 3
CLASS 7 (7 AND 8 LESSONS)
1. What are the tools used by the basket makers?
2. List the raw materials and tools used to make ikkat
sarees?
3. What are problems facing handloom weavers?
4. What is called industrial revolution?
5. What were the inventions of James Watt?
6. What were the working conditions in factories at
beginning?
7. Why are children not allowed to work in factories?
8. What are the problems arise due to urbanisation?
Answers
1. Sharp basket scissors.
- Sharp angle or side cutters.
- a good packing tool (flat tip, bent or straight)
- awl.
- spoke weight.
- needle nose pliers.
- knife, shaver or scorp.
- measuring tape.
2. Raw Materials:
Silk:
Silk is used rarely to produce silk saris.
Cotton:
Many products are weaved using cotton threads.
Dye colors:
For cotton threads fabric colors are used where as for silk thread chemical colors is used.
• Tools:
Equipment used in reeling, dyeing and weaving processes are as below:
Dyeing Machine:
It is used to dye the threads in large quantity at a time.
Weaving Loom:
Small loom is used for weaving saree and big looms are used to weave bedspreads and
other fabrics.
Fly Shuttle:
It is used to insert into fly-shuttle while weaving.
Warping wheel:
Cotton threads are reeled on warping wheel.
Reed:
Jointing process is done on reed.
Spinning Machine:
Spinning wheels are used to prepare spools and spindles.
Reeling Machine:
It is used to prepare spools.
Spools and Spindles:
Spools is used while warping and spindles are used while weaving.
3. PROBLEMS FACED BY THE INDIAN HANDLOOM INDUSTRY.
- Rising input costs.
- Credit problem.
- Marketing bottlenecks.
- Lack of modernization.
- Migration to other fields.
- Poor infrastructure.
- Inadequate research and development.
4. The Industrial Revolution was a period of major industrialization and innovation that took place during the late 1700s and early 1800s. The Industrial Revolution began in Great Britain and quickly spread throughout the world.
5. By 1790, Watt was a wealthy man and in 1800 he retired and devoted himself entirely to research work. He patented several other important inventions including the rotary engine, the double-action engine and the steam indicator, which records the steam pressure inside the engine. Watt died on 19 August 1819.
6. As factories were being built, businesses were in need of workers. With a long line of people willing to work, employers could set wages as low as they wanted because people were willing to do work as long as they got paid. People worked fourteen to sixteen hours a day for six days a week.
7. Children are not allowed to work in factories for several reasons.
1. Child labour
Factory owners hire children for factory work as it is cheap labour. Child labour is an offense and against the law in our country and government has made many laws to abolish it. thus it is illegal to hire children to work in factories.
2. Unsafe working conditions
Factories are unsafe for children. They are exposed to things such as, dangerous machinery, toxic fumes, harmful substances that can cause physical harm and/or cause diseases. thus they are not allowed to work in factories.
3. They wont get education
Right to free and compulsory education is our fundamental right. Children working in factories are deprived of this and thus it is punishable offense to deprive of them this opportunity.
8. The problems associated with urbanization are: High population density, inadequate infrastructure, lack of affordable housing, flooding, pollution, slum creation, crime, congestion and poverty. This problem of high population density is caused due to the heavy rate of migration from rural areas.