1. Compare the properties of electrons, protons and neutrons.
2. What are the limitations of J.J. Thomson's model of the atom?
3. What are the limitations of Rutherford's model of the atom?
4. Describe Bohr's model of the atom.
5. Compare all the proposed models of an atom given in this
chapter
6. Summarise the rules for writing of distribution of electrons in
various shells for the first eighteen elements.
7. Define valency by taking examples of silicon and oxygen.
Answers
Answer:
1.Comparison of Properties of Electrons, Protons, Neutrons are shown in the picture.
2.Limitations of J.J.Thomson’s model of the atom:-Thomson's atomic model failed to explain how the positive charge holds on the electrons inside the atom. It also failed to explain an atom's stability. The theory did not mention anything about the nucleus of an atom. It was unable to explain the scattering experiment of Rutherford.
3.Limitations of Rutherford model of the atom:-Rutherford's model was inadequate to explain the stability of an atom. It did not mention anything about the arrangement of electron in the orbit.
7. Every Element Reacts with Other Element according to its Combining Capacity which we call as it Valency. According to the electronic configuration the valency is +4 or -4 because silicon can either gain 4 electrons or lose 4 electrons because it is a noble gas. Hence valency of silicon is 4.The valency of oxygen is 2, because it needs two atoms of hydrogen to form water. ... The nearest noble gas to magnesium is neon with electronic configuration of [2,8], to achieve this stable electronic configuration Mg can lose 2 valence electrons, hence its valency is 2 +.
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