1. Evaluate any three features of the peasant movement during Civil Disobedience Movement in India.
2. What led to the spread of Non-Cooperation movement to the countryside? Explain any three factors.
3. Explain the immediate effects of the Lahore session of Indian National Congress of December 1929.
4. Explain any three differences between Non Cooperation and Civil Disobedience?
5. Critically examine the three efforts made by Gandhiji for the upliftment of the Harijans.
6. What was the objective of Simon Commission? Why was it opposed in India?
Answers
Answer:
1. The peasant communities in the countryside thought it was a fight against high revenues charged by the government. The poorer peasantry joined it in the hope that their unpaid rent would be remitted. The business class joined it as they wanted protection against import of goods and to expand their own industries.
2.The peasant had no option but to make begar work at landlords farm without any form of payment. -There was a demand on reduction of land revenue & abolition of begar. -There were no security of tenure to the tenants which led them to be regularly evicted from the land.
3.The session formalised the demand of 'Purna Swaraj' or complete independence for India. It was decided that the day of 26 January 1930 would be celebrated as the Day of Independence.
4.The Non-Cooperation Movement sought to bring the working of the government to a standstill by not cooperating with the administration. The Civil Disobedience Movement was an attempt at paralysing the administration by breaking some specific rules and regulations.
5.(i) He said that the Swaraj would not come for a hundred years if untouchability was not eliminated.
(ii) He organised Satyagraha to secure them entry into temples, and access to public wells, tanks, roads and schools.
(iii) He signed Poona Pact with Dr. B.R. Ambedkar through which some seats were reserved for them in provincial and central legislative councils
6.The Indian Statutory Commission also known as Simon Commison', was a group of seven Members of Parliament under the chairmanship of Sir John Simon (later, 1st Viscount Simon). The commission arrived in British India in 1928 to study constitutional reform in Britain's largest and most important possession. One of its members was the future leader of the Labour Party Clement Attlee, who became committed to self-government for India.
At the time of introducing the Montagu–Chelmsford Reforms in 1919, the British Government declared that a commission would be sent to India after ten years to examine the effects and operations of the constitutional reforms and to suggest more reforms for India.[1]
In November 1927, the British government appointed the Simon Commission to report on India's constitutional progress for introducing constitutional reforms, as promised. The Commission was strongly opposed by many Indians. It was opposed by Nehru, Gandhi, Jinnah, the Muslim League and Indian National Congress because it contained seven members of the British Parliament but no Indians. Indians saw it as a violation to their right of self determination and insult to their self respect. However it was supported by B R Ambedkar and Periyar E. V. Ramasamy.[2]
Prominent Indian nationalist Lala Lajpat Rai led a protest in Lahore. He suffered a police beating during the protest, and died of his injuries on 17 November 1928.
I hope my answers will help you
ANSWER:-
the call of gandhiji to the common man towards making a step in the civil disobedience movement mant different for different groups
- for the peasants of awadh civil diobedience movement it meant to minimise the tax rates
- social boycott of oppressive land lords and talukdars, they organised nai dhobi bandhs to deprive the landlords even from the nominal sevices of barber and washerman.
- Abolition of begar