1. How did the Turkish invasions affect Indian
culture on a larger note? Write a few points.
Answers
Answer:
1. Establishment of the Muslim rule in North India: The Arab invasion had led to the establishment of two independent Muslim Kingdoms of Sindh and Multan. But the Turk invasion led to the establishment of the Muslim rule over a large part of North India.
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Answer:
The Turkish conquest of India had its impact in various fields. It paved the way for the liquidation of the multi-state system in India. The political ideal of the Turkish Sultan was a centralised poliltical organization controlled by a monarch with unlimited powers and there was no place for feudalism in it.
The institution of Iqtas was employed for the purpose of breaking the feudal traditions of the various areas and for linking up the various parts of the empire to one centre. The Turkish Sultans gave India a Capital in the very heart of northern India. They also gave her a skeleton of an all-India administration by bringing the chief cities and the great roads under the control of the Government of Delhi.
As a result of the centralised monarchy in Northern India, there was a marked change in the political horizon. The political outlook became broader and the areas of isolation began to shrink. Sir Jadunath Sarkar says: “The intimate contact between India and the outer Asiatic world, which had been established in the early Buddhist age, was lost, when the new Hindu society was reorganised and set in rigidity liek a concrete structure about the Eighth century A.D., with the result that India again became self-centred and isolated from the moving world beyond her natural barriers. This touch with the rest of Asia and the nearest parts of Africa was restored by the Muslim conquest at the end of the 12th century.”