1. How would you describe the universe to someone not in our class?
2. What are the three major types of galaxies? (three points)
3. What is the force that holds galaxies together?
4. What, according to the reading, do stars spend all of their time doing?
5. Describe in your own words the big bang theory.
6. Why do we see the colors that we see when we look around us?
7. Which type of visible light has the longest wavelengths?
8. Which type of visible light has the shortest wavelengths?
9. Name an example of where sound or light waves are stretched out or compressed.
10. Name and describe in your own words the first evidence of the big bang theory.
11. What kind of “shifting” do we see nearly everywhere we look in the universe?
12. Name and describe in your own words the second big evidence of the big bang theory.
13. Name and describe in your own words the third big evidence of the big bang theory.
14. How would you describe a heavy element to someone who doesn’t know what it is?
15. Where did the Earth get all of the heavy elements that it is made of?
16. What are the requirements of being a “main sequence” star?
17. What is the heaviest element that our sun will ever create?
18. What is heaviest element that larger stars will ever create before they explode?
19. What do you call the violent collapse and explosion of large stars?
20. According to the packet, out of our entire universe, what is the most unique thing that we know about?
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Answers
Answer:
1. The Universe is everything students see in the night sky, and more that they don't see! Remember students do not have to understand objects such as planets, stars, and galaxies. It is enough that they can begin recognizing the components of the Universe. Current evidence suggests that there is only one Universe that has evolved over the last 15 billion years.
2. As discussed in the section on galaxy classifications, Hubble found four distinct types of galaxies: elliptical, spiral, spiral barred and irregular. Although there are different types, we also learned that each galaxy contains the same elements, but these are arranged differently for each type.
3. Gravity. All of the stars of a galaxy are all attracted to each other.
4. Main Sequence Stars
Main Sequence StarsThe star then becomes a main sequence star. It will spend 90 percent of its life in this stage, fusing hydrogen molecules and forming helium in its core.
5. The Big Bang is the name that scientists use for the most common theory of the universe, from the very early stages to the present day. The universe began as a very hot, small, and dense superforce (the mix of the four fundamental forces), with no stars, atoms, form, or structure (called a "singularity").
6. Light receptors within the eye transmit messages to the brain, which produces the familiar sensations of color. Newton observed that color is not inherent in objects. Rather, the surface of an object reflects some colors and absorbs all the others. We perceive only the reflected colors.
7. As the full spectrum of visible light travels through a prism, the wavelengths separate into the colors of the rainbow because each color is a different wavelength. Violet has the shortest wavelength, at around 380 nanometers, and red has the longest wavelength, at around 700 nanometers.
8. hey ur question is repeated as 7 question
10. The earliest and most direct observational evidence of the validity of the theory are the expansion of the universe according to Hubble's law (as indicated by the redshifts of galaxies), discovery and measurement of the cosmic microwave background and the relative abundances of light elements produced by Big Bang
11. Galaxies are grouped in clusters that are spread more or less evenly throughout the universe. ... Clusters and superclusters appear to be distributed on surfaces surrounding empty regions of space. Galaxies in the universe are. A) distributed randomly, their density remaining approximately constant throughout space.
12. ur question is repeated..!!
14. A star's energy comes from the combining of light elements into heavier elements in a process known as fusion, or "nuclear burning". It is generally believed that most of the elements in the universe heavier than helium are created, or synthesized, in stars when lighter nuclei fuse to make heavier nuclei.
15. The most common elements, like carbon and nitrogen, are created in the cores of most stars, fused from lighter elements like hydrogen and helium. The heaviest elements, like iron, however, are only formed in the massive stars which end their lives in supernova explosions.
16. Main sequence stars fuse hydrogen atoms to form helium atoms in their cores. About 90 percent of the stars in the universe, including the sun, are main sequence stars. These stars can range from about a tenth of the mass of the sun to up to 200 times as massive.
17. Our Sun is currently burning, or fusing, hydrogen to helium. This is the process that occurs during most of a star's lifetime. After the hydrogen in the star's core is exhausted, the star can burn helium to form progressively heavier elements, carbon and oxygen and so on, until iron and nickel are formed.
18. A Type II supernova (plural: supernovae or supernovas) results from the rapid collapse and violent explosion of a massive star. ... The star fuses increasingly higher mass elements, starting with hydrogen and then helium, progressing up through the periodic table until a core of iron and nickel is produced.
what kind of shifting do we see nearly everywhere we look in the universe