1. metal towards the right side of the periodic table for metal oxide are more _______ in nature so they do not in hydrogen
Answers
Answer:
S
2Na(s) + H2O(l) ® NaOH(aq) + H2(g)
The sodium hydroxide is soluble in water, and dissolves. This demonstration can become very dangerous if too large a piece of sodium is used, however, since enough heat can be generated to ignite the hydrogen gas.
Sodium also reacts vigorously with chlorine gas, producing sodium chloride:
2Na(s) + Cl2(g) ® 2NaCl(s)
This reaction releases a great deal of heat energy, and is usually done in a beaker lined with sand to prevent the heat from cracking the glass. (See here for a demonstration.)
Energetically excited sodium atoms glow with a yellow light (the strongest emissions are the "sodium D-lines" at 589.0 and 589.5 nanometers), and are prominent in the light from many stars (including the Sun). Sodium is also used in sodium-vapor street lamps.
In the body, sodium ions regulate osmotic pressure and blood pressure, and sodium and potassium ions together play a major role in the transmission of nerve impulses.
One of the most important compounds of sodium is sodium chloride, NaCl, also known as table salt. Commercially prepared sodium chloride is either mined in the form of halite, from deposits formed by ancient, dried-out sea beds, or by the evaporation of water from sea water. Sodium chloride is subjected to electrolysis in an apparatus called a Downs cell, which produces sodium metal and chlorine gas; the construction of the cell is designed to keep the sodium and chlorine separate from each other as they are produced. Sodium carbonate, Na2CO3, also known as soda or soda ash, has been used for centuries in washing clothes (it helps to remove highly charged metal cations, such as calcium and magnesium, from hard water) and in the manufacture of glass, paper, and detergents. Sodium hydroxide, NaOH, also known as caustic soda or lye, is a strong base; it is used in drain cleaners, and in the manufacture of detergents (sodium hydroxide breaks down triglycerides — fats and oils such as lard, shortening, olive oil, vegetable oils, etc. — to produce carboxylate salts that form effective soaps). Sodium bicarbonate, NaHCO3, also known as sodium hydrogen carbonate, is the main ingredient in baking soda, and is used as a leavening agent in the making of bread and other baked goods.
Potassium (K, Z=19).
Potassium is a soft, silvery metal that reacts extremely vigorously with water, and tarnishes rapidly in air. Its name is derived from the English word "potash," for potassium carbonate, a compound found in high concentrations in wood ashes. The symbol "K" is derived from the Latin name for the element, kalium. Potassium is the eighth most abundant element in the Earth's crust (2.1%). The main ores in which potassium is found are sylvite [potassium chloride, KCl], carnallite [KMgCl3·6H2O], and alunite [KAl3(SO4)2(OH)6].
Potassium is essential for plant growth, and is heavily used in fertilizers. In the body, potassium plays a vital role in the contraction of muscle tissue; the movement of sodium and potassium ions in nerve cells plays a major role in the transmission of nerve impulses. When heated, potassium salts glow with a purple color, and are used in fireworks. Like sodium, metallic potassium is usually stored under mineral oil or some other hydrocarbon; it can also react with oxygen in dry air to produce potassium superoxide, KO2 (see below).
Potassium undergoes a a reaction with water similar to that of sodium; the products of the reaction are potassium hydroxide and hydrogen gas. This reaction releases a great deal of heat energy, often igniting the hydrogen gas that is produced.
Explanation:
ok.................