Question

1.
Respiration is not seen in :
a) Sprouted seeds
b) Flowers and buds c) Fruits
2)How many alveoli are present in each lung of a human ?

a) 200 million
b) 2000 million
c) 300 million
3)Which of the following is not a part of respiratory tract of human beings?
a) Pharynx
b) Larynx
c) Liver
d) Bronchi
4. Frogs respire using :
a) lungs
b) skin
c) mouth
d) all of these
5.
In which of the following organism, the exchange of gases occurs by diffusion ?
a) Frog
b) Fishes
c) Amoeba
d) Reptiles
6. The process of taking in oxygen during respiration is called :
a) expiration
b) inspiration
c) aerobic respiration d) internal respiration
7. Aerobic respiration :
a) is a two-stage process
b) occurs in cytoplasm and mitochondria of the living cell
c) occurs only in the cytoplasm of the living cell
d) both a and b
8. Alveoli are the units of:
b) kidney
c) heart
d) lung​

Answer 1

Answers to the following questions are as follows:

1) Respiration is not seen in d) dry leaves.

• The chemical process of respiration is how organic substances release energy.
• Exergonic reactions convert the molecules into new ones.

2) c) 300 million alveoli are present in each lung of a human.

• While breathing in and out, oxygen and carbon dioxide are exchanged between the blood and alveoli in the lungs.
• When oxygen is inhaled from the air, it gets to the body's tissues via the alveoli, blood, and tissues throughout the body.

3) c) Liver is not a part of the respiratory tract of human beings.

• Your largest internal organ is the liver.
• It is primarily found in the top right corner of your abdomen, above your stomach, and around the size of a football.
• Only a little of it reaches the upper left quadrant. An organ around the size of a football is the liver.

4) Frogs respire using : d) all of these.

• The skin, lungs, and mouth lining are the three respiratory surfaces on the frog's body that it employs to exchange gases with its environment.
• The frog's skin serves as its primary means of respiration while it is entirely immersed.

5) In b) Fishes the exchange of gases occurs by diffusion.

• By pumping oxygen-rich water through their mouths and over their gills, fish exchange gases.
• Some fish experience counter-current exchange because the capillary blood in their bodies flows in the opposite direction to the water.
• Through apertures on the pharynx's side, the gills force the oxygen-deficient water to the surface.

6) The process of taking in oxygen during respiration is called: c) aerobic respiration.

• A chemical reaction that converts carbohydrates into energy using oxygen (sugars). also known as oxidative metabolism, aerobic metabolism, and cell respiration.

7) Aerobic respiration: d) both a and b.

• a chemical reaction that converts carbohydrates into energy using oxygen (sugars). also known as oxidative metabolism, aerobic metabolism, and cell respiration.

8. Alveoli are the units of d) lung​.

• While breathing in and out, oxygen and carbon dioxide are exchanged between the blood and alveoli in the lungs.
• When oxygen is inhaled from the air, it gets to the body's tissues via the alveoli, blood, and tissues throughout the body.

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Answer 2

Answer:

The most appropriate answers are given as follows:-

1. c) Fruits

2. c) 300 million

3. c) Liver

4. d) all of these.

5. b) Fishes

6. b) inspiration

7. d) both a and b.

8. d) lung​.

Explanation:

1. Respiration is not seen in c) Fruits.

• Respiration refers to the process in which oxygen is given out and carbon dioxide is taken in by the plants.

• In the experiment on respiration, we found water level expansions in the conveyance tubes, if respiration occurs.

• But in the case of fruits and dry leaves, the rate of respiration becomes very slow (i.e. exceptionally sluggish) and it cannot be shown during the experiment, and thus the water level does not rise in the conveyance tube.
• In the cells, oxygen (O₂) in the air helps in the breakdown of food. The process of the breakdown of food in the cell with the release of energy is termed cellular respiration.  

2. c) 300 million alveoli are available in every lung of a human.

• There are around 300 million alveoli, present in both the lungs which increment the surface region for the trading of respiratory gases for example oxygen and carbon dioxide between the blood and alveoli in the lungs.

3. c) Liver isn't a part of the respiratory plot of human beings.

• The sequence of Air Flow:-

• External nares → Nasal chambers→ Internal nares→ Pharynx→ Glottis→ Larynx→ Trachea→ Bronchi→ Bronchioles→ Alveolar ducts→ alveoli.

• The liver is the largest gland of the human body associated with the digestive system which is attached to the diaphragm by the suspensory ligament.

4. Frogs respire through d) skin, lungs, and mouth.

• Since frogs are amphibious in nature, their skin is moist and glandular and with no scales which help primarily in the exchange of gases with their environment.

• Also, they respire using their mouth, most often spelt as the buccopharyngeal cavity and lungs.

5. In b) Fishes the exchange of gases occurs by the process of diffusion.

• The blood going through the gills is siphoned the other way from the water streaming over the gills. This permits the blood oxygen level to be not exactly the oxygen level in the water.
• Oxygen will continuously need to move to any place that needs oxygen (O₂ deficient part), this is otherwise called diffusion.

6. The process of taking in oxygen during respiration is called: b) inspiration.

• The lungs are ventilated with fresh air by the process of breathing which is a part of external respiration. This involves three steps- Inspiration, expiration and pause.

• Breathing (or respiration) is a continuous process that means taking in air-rich oxygen and giving out air rich in carbon dioxide with the help of respiratory organs.

• The taking in of air rich in oxygen into the body is called inhalation or inspiration and giving out the carbon dioxide-rich foul air is known as exhalation or expiration.

7. Aerobic respiration: d) both a and b.

• Most living beings gather oxygen from the encompassing (air or water) and utilize something very similar for the complete oxidation of sugars.
• Carbon dioxide is always formed in this process and much amount of energy is released.    
• Aerobic respiration occurs in the cytoplasm and mitochondria.

• This is also known as oxy-respiration or oxidative metabolism

8. Alveoli refers to the units of d) lungs​.        

• While breathing in and out, the respiratory gases oxygen and carbon dioxide are exchanged between the blood and alveoli in the lungs.

• The respiratory bronchioles open into the alveolar pipes which extend to frame the atrium/ chamber. The atrium leads into two to five alveolar sacs or air sacs. Each air sac bears a number of small pouches named alveoli (sing. alveolus) or acini (sing. acinus).

• Human lungs have about 700 million alveoli covering a total area of 100 sq. metres which is 100 times the surface area of human skin a lipoprotein which prevents collapsing of the alveolar wall during expiration.

• The wall of alveoli is formed by squamous epithelium which is provided with an elaborate network of blood capillaries.

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