1)volcanic eruption can cause earthquake?
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Some, but not all, earthquakes are related to volcanoes. Most earthquakes directly beneath a volcano are caused by the movement of magma. The magma exerts pressure on the rocks until it cracks the rock. Then the magma squirts into the crack and starts building pressure again.
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Hello everyone...
There are several situations that can cause earthquakes and give rise to volcanos, and I'll describe the scenarios that cause both (at the same time) and those that can cause either.
Volcanos and earthquakes can both be caused by tectonic plates that are overriding each other. As one plate edge sinks below the other (they do not glide past each other) they lurch along - and each time they lurch (or break) this causes massive earthquakes.
In turn, the plate portion that is diving down into the mantle remelts and provides magma which rises through the crust above the subduction zone and causes volcanos.
A prime example of these forces is the Ring of Fire that surrounds the Pacific Ocean. Each of the lands has volcanic arcs that trace (on the surface) the plate subduction zone beneath. Other examples are the Cascade mountain range, the volcanos in the Mediterranean, and in Indonesia.
The next example is where plates diverge, such as along the mid-Atlantic ridge, the East Pacific rise, the African Rift Valley, and others - in each case magma forces itself into the boundary between two plates and forces them apart, one mm at a time. These forces have been pushing the continental plates apart since the days of Pangea, 175 million years ago. Iceland sits atop both the mid-Atlantic ridge and a mantle plume, has many volcanos and earthquakes.
The next scenario that can cause earthquakes is at a convergent plate boundary such as the infamous San Andreas fault zone (which is the boundary between the Pacific plate and the North American plate). As these two plates grind together, many earthquakes are generated.
Wherever you have mountain building you have earthquakes. As the plates collide (such as the India plate and the Eurasian plate, the Himalayas were thrust up and each earthquake that ripples through that region adds a little more height to those mountains.
Next scenario for volcanos is where a mantle plume / hot spot exists that rises to the surface. The ready availability of hot magma gives rise to massive volcanos- prime examples here are the Hawaiian island chain, the Yellowstone caldera, super volcano Campi Flegrei (Italy), and Iceland.
Next scenario for causing earthquakes are along any fracture in the crust (of which there are thousands) - any time there is pressure from one side pressing on the other, and the fault slips, there will be earthquakes- prime examples of this are the 20,000 average earthquakes that occur each year in California.
Next scenario for earthquakes is actually in the middle of continental plates from what is called plate stretching or intra-plate seismic zones. In fact the biggest earthquake in US history (so far) happened at New Madrid, Missouri which occurred in 1811, and this seismic zone is expected to produce more large quakes in the future. Peripheral faults not far from the New Madrid zone have been responsible for the November 1968 Illinois quake.
Generally speaking, wherever plates converge, diverge, collide, stretch, twist, buckle, or dive, there are probabilities that earthquakes will be generated. Where hot magma is also present, with a pathway to the surface, there will also be volcanic activity.
The Earths crust is dynamic and constantly moving (or trying to move) as pushed by forces from the mantle.
In time, the continents will regroup somewhere near the middle of what is now the Pacific Ocean.
Hope this helps you
There are several situations that can cause earthquakes and give rise to volcanos, and I'll describe the scenarios that cause both (at the same time) and those that can cause either.
Volcanos and earthquakes can both be caused by tectonic plates that are overriding each other. As one plate edge sinks below the other (they do not glide past each other) they lurch along - and each time they lurch (or break) this causes massive earthquakes.
In turn, the plate portion that is diving down into the mantle remelts and provides magma which rises through the crust above the subduction zone and causes volcanos.
A prime example of these forces is the Ring of Fire that surrounds the Pacific Ocean. Each of the lands has volcanic arcs that trace (on the surface) the plate subduction zone beneath. Other examples are the Cascade mountain range, the volcanos in the Mediterranean, and in Indonesia.
The next example is where plates diverge, such as along the mid-Atlantic ridge, the East Pacific rise, the African Rift Valley, and others - in each case magma forces itself into the boundary between two plates and forces them apart, one mm at a time. These forces have been pushing the continental plates apart since the days of Pangea, 175 million years ago. Iceland sits atop both the mid-Atlantic ridge and a mantle plume, has many volcanos and earthquakes.
The next scenario that can cause earthquakes is at a convergent plate boundary such as the infamous San Andreas fault zone (which is the boundary between the Pacific plate and the North American plate). As these two plates grind together, many earthquakes are generated.
Wherever you have mountain building you have earthquakes. As the plates collide (such as the India plate and the Eurasian plate, the Himalayas were thrust up and each earthquake that ripples through that region adds a little more height to those mountains.
Next scenario for volcanos is where a mantle plume / hot spot exists that rises to the surface. The ready availability of hot magma gives rise to massive volcanos- prime examples here are the Hawaiian island chain, the Yellowstone caldera, super volcano Campi Flegrei (Italy), and Iceland.
Next scenario for causing earthquakes are along any fracture in the crust (of which there are thousands) - any time there is pressure from one side pressing on the other, and the fault slips, there will be earthquakes- prime examples of this are the 20,000 average earthquakes that occur each year in California.
Next scenario for earthquakes is actually in the middle of continental plates from what is called plate stretching or intra-plate seismic zones. In fact the biggest earthquake in US history (so far) happened at New Madrid, Missouri which occurred in 1811, and this seismic zone is expected to produce more large quakes in the future. Peripheral faults not far from the New Madrid zone have been responsible for the November 1968 Illinois quake.
Generally speaking, wherever plates converge, diverge, collide, stretch, twist, buckle, or dive, there are probabilities that earthquakes will be generated. Where hot magma is also present, with a pathway to the surface, there will also be volcanic activity.
The Earths crust is dynamic and constantly moving (or trying to move) as pushed by forces from the mantle.
In time, the continents will regroup somewhere near the middle of what is now the Pacific Ocean.
Hope this helps you
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