Question

1. what is paedogenesis
2. what is percolation rate of soil
3. what is nuetral percolation rate
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Answer 1

Answer:

(1)Paedogenesis, also spelled Pedogenesis, reproduction by sexually mature larvae, usually without fertilization. The young may be eggs, such as are produced by Miastor, a genus of gall midge flies, or other larval forms, as in the case of some flukes.

(2)Percolation is the movement of water through soil, and the percolation rate is the speed at which that movement occurs. ... Soil laboratory professionals usually measure percolation rates in terms of minutes per inch, typically in the context of septic tank testing.

(3)The effect of percolation rate on soil redox potential, nutrient concentration in soil solution, leaching losses, nutrient uptake by plants, and growth and grain yield of rice (Oryza sativa L., var. IR36) were studied in a greenhouse experiment on three soils varying widely in organic matter (OM) content and pH. Four different percolation rates (0-40 mm d⁻¹) were used. The percolation rate of 40 mm d⁻¹ increased soil redox potential only in the top 2-cm layer; at 2 cm depth, the increase was between 50 and 120mV. Soil pH remained unaffected by percolation rate. Nutrient concentrations in the soil solution decreased (except for P), and leaching loss increased significantly with increasing percolation rate. Even a percolation rate of as low as 10 mm d⁻¹ caused leaching of as much as 79 kg $NH_4^ + - N$-N, 3 kg P, 40 kg K, and 41 kg Mn ha⁻¹, during the 11 weeks of experiment. These effects were not reflected in the nutrient concentrations of the rice grain and straw. Percolation benefited rice grain yield significantly in acidic and OM-rich soils only. In silty clay loam, with 105 g OM kg⁻¹ and pH 5.2, a percolation rate of 40 mm d⁻¹ increased rice grain yield by about 21% over the control of no percolation. In soils having ≤ 51 g OM kg⁻¹, grain yield remained unaffected by percolation rate.

Explanation:

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