1. What is the commercial importance of coal tar?
2. Write down the three uses of natural gas.
3. Define the term petrochemicals?
4. What do you mean by petroleum refining?
5. Why coal, petroleum and natural gas are known as fossil fuels?
6. What is the difference between Bituminous coal and Anthracite
coal?
7. What are the products formed from coal?
8. Hydrogen gas is considered as the best fuel, but they are not ideal
for domestic uses, why?
9. Write down the two limitations of fossil fuels?
10. What is the main constituent of natural gas?
Answers
Answer:
1)Coal tar is a thick dark liquid which is a by-product of the production of coke and coal gas from coal. It has both medical and industrial uses. It may be applied to the affected area to treat psoriasis and seborrheic dermatitis (dandruff).
Answer:
2) The industrial sector uses natural gas as a fuel for process heating, in combined heat and power systems, and as a raw material (feedstock) to produce chemicals, fertilizer, and hydrogen.
3) a chemical obtained from petroleum and natural gas.
4) Petroleum refining processes are the chemical engineering processes and other facilities used in petroleum refineries (also referred to as oil refineries) to transform crude oil into useful products such as liquefied petroleum gas (LPG), gasoline or petrol, kerosene, jet fuel, diesel oil and fuel oils.
5)Over millions of years, heat and pressure from Earth's crust decomposed these organisms into one of the three main kinds of fuel: oil (also called petroleum), natural gas, or coal. These fuels are called fossil fuels, since they are formed from the remains of dead animals and plants.
6) Anthracite coal is a higher grade than bituminous coal and is formed under greater pressure and at higher temperatures. Anthracite coal contains more carbon than bituminous coal and less sulfur, making it more desirable. Bituminous coal also contains more moisture than anthracite coal.
7)Thousands of different products have coal or coal by-products as components: soap, aspirins, solvents, dyes, plastics and fibres, such as rayon and nylon.
8) Although hydrogen has the highest calorific value, it is not used as a domestic fuel. It is because hydrogen is a highly combustible and it reacts explosively when it comes in contact with air. And hence as a result, storing of the hydrogen gas is difficult and is dangerous at the same time.
9) Fossil fuels have been used for centuries to generate power, but there are many disadvantages associated with their use:
Fossil fuels pollute the environment.
Fossil fuels are non-renewable and unsustainable.
10) Natural gas is a naturally occurring gas mixture, consisting mainly of methane.
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