Question

1. What is the ploidy of Endosperm?
2. How to determine the ploidy of organisms?

#Class 12th ⭐

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Answer 1

Answer:

1). Angiospermic endosperms are triploid in nature. In angiosperms, double fertilization occurs and as a result of that triple fusion takes place. The female gametophyte or embryo sac has an egg nucleus and two polar nuclei. One sperm fertilizes the egg nucleus and forms the diploid zygote. Another sperm joins the two polar nuclei forming the triploid (3n) nutritive tissue, called as the endosperm.

2).Somatic cells, tissues, and individual organisms can be described according to the number of sets of chromosomes present (the "ploidy level"): monoploid (1 set), diploid (2 sets), triploid (3 sets), tetraploid (4 sets), pentaploid (5 sets), hexaploid (6 sets), heptaploid or septaploid (7 sets), etc.

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Answer 2

1) Endosperm is triploid (3n) in most of the angiospermic plant as two polar nuclei fuse with a male gamete and three of them are haploid. But the number varies from 2n to 15n in different species.

2) Somatic cells, tissues, and individual organisms can be described according to the number of sets of chromosomes present (the "ploidy level"): monoploid (1 set), diploid (2 sets), triploid (3 sets), tetraploid (4 sets), pentaploid (5 sets), hexaploid (6 sets), heptaploid or septaploid (7 sets), etc.