1. What was the plan of the city of Mohen-jo-Daro?
2. Write a short note on the chief buildings in the Citadel,
3. What were the main items of food of the Harppan people?
4. How did the Harappan people irrigate their fields?
5. Describe the toys used by the Harappan children,
Answer the following questions in 60-80 words each :
1. What is the importance of the excavations at Mohenjo Daro and Harappa?
2. Throw some light on the town-planning of the Indus Valley people.
3. Describe the drainage system of Mohen-jo-Daro.
4. Give a brief account of the dress and ornaments of the Harappan people.
5. What is the importance of the seals?
6. What were the causes of the decay of the Indus Valley Civilisation?
7. Compare the Indus Valley and the Aryan Civilisations.
Fill in the blanks with the right words given in brackets:
Answers
Explanation:
1. Mohenjo-daro has a planned layout with rectilinear buildings arranged on a grid plan.
2. A citadel is the core fortified area of a town or city. It may be a castle, fortress, or fortified center. The term is a diminutive of "city" and thus means "little city", so called because it is a smaller part of the city of which it is the defensive core.
3. The Harappans grew lentils and other pulses (peas, chickpeas, green gram, black gram). Their main staples were wheat and barley, which were presumably made into bread and perhaps also cooked with water as a gruel or porridge
4. The people of Harappan irrigated their fields with flood waters. Fields were mostly near rivers or other water sources. When these water sources were in spate, the fields were irrigated with their water.
5. Toys excavated from the Indus valley civilization (3010–1500 BCE) include small carts, whistles shaped like birds, and toy monkeys which could slide down a string.
Answer the following in 60-80
1. The name Mohenjo-daro is reputed to signify “the mound of the dead.” The archaeological importance of the site was first recognized in 1922, one year after the discovery of Harappa. Subsequent excavations revealed that the mounds contain the remains of what was once the largest city of the Indus civilization.
2. The sewage system was well maintained.In the sewage system, the ducts were joined together from the houses and took the waste out of the city. Town planning is the unique feature of Indus valley civilization.
3. The drainage system was one of the most remarkable features of the Mature Harappan city. They were covered by a layer of baked bricked which was laid flat across the side walls of the drain. ... Wider drains were covered with limestone blocks.
4. Men wore flowing lengths of cloth while the women wore skirts. ... both men and women wore ornaments made of gold silver,faience and beads of semi precious stones like jade lapis lazuli, cornelian and agate. bangles,earrings and necklaces have been popular.
5. Seals have been harvested for food, fuel, clothing and other products for hundreds of years. In addition to their economic value, seal products hold a significant cultural and traditional value to northern communities, which is of key importance to the Government of Canada.
6. Many scholars believe that the collapse of the Indus Valley Civilization was caused by climate change. ... By 1800 BCE, the Indus Valley climate grew cooler and drier, and a tectonic event may have diverted or disrupted river systems, which were the lifelines of the Indus Valley Civilization.
7. Indus Valley Civilization:
(i). It was an urban civilization
(ii). Reflected in city life
(iii). The people did not know the use of iron
(iv). They used the materials like Stone, Copper and Bronze in making weapons
(v). The people did not know the use of horse in war.
Aryan Civilization:
(i). In Sanskrit, an ancient Indo-European language, the word Aryan refers to "the noble ones."
(ii). The Aryans migrated from their ancestral home near the Caucusus mountains, north of the Black Sea in Central Asia (near modern day Russia).
(iii). They entered the Indus Valley through the fabled Khyber Pass.
Answer:
Explanation:
Q1. Why do we call the Harappan civilisation the first civilisation in India ?
ans:- One such civilisation developed in India in the Indus