1. When was the Rigveda composed? How many slokas does it contain:
2. What role did a rajan play in the janapada?
3. What is the difference between jana and janapadas?
4. What is the meaning of the words 'Veda' and 'Sruti?
5. Why were yajnas performed in the Early Vedic Period?
6. How did the Aryans amuse themselves?
7. What was the position of women during the Early Vedic Period?
8. What did the people cultivate in their fields? please help .
Answers
Answer: 1) It consists of 1,017 hymns (1,028 including the apocryphal valakhilya hymns 8.49–8.59) composed in Vedic Sanskrit, many of which are intended for various sacrificial rituals. These are contained in 10 books, known as Mandalas. This long collection of short hymns is mostly devoted to the praise of the gods.
2) The head of a kingdom was called a rajan . A chief purohita and a senani of the army who would assist the king. There were also two other political bodies: the sabha, thought to be a council of elders and the samiti, a general assembly of the entire people.
3) The Janapadas were the major kingdoms of Vedic India. 2. Aryans were the most influential tribes and were called as 'janas'. This gave rise to the term Janapada where Jana means 'people' and Pada means 'foot'.
4) Smriti literally "that which is remembered," refers to a body of Hindu texts usually attributed to an author, traditionally written down but constantly revised, in contrast to Śrutis (the Vedic literature) considered authorless, that were transmitted verbally across the generations and fixed.
5) Since early vedic era Indians have been performing Yajnas to accomplish different goals and to negate the effect of evil spirits or planets. It lessens the negative energies of one's karma to bring peace, harmony and prosperity in his life.
6) Chariot racing, hunting, gambling, Singing, dancing, playing musical instruments were the favorite amusements of the Aryans. They loved to play the game of dice which was very popular.
7) During the Vedic period, Women had a respectful position. Men and Women shared equal status, there was no gender discrimination. The Vedic society was a free society. Females were as free as their male counterparts.
8) A crop is a plant or animal product that can be grown and harvested extensively for profit or subsistence. Most crops are cultivated in agriculture or aquaculture. A crop is usually expanded to include macroscopic fungus (e.g. mushrooms), or alga .