1. Which of the following organelles is smallest in size? a. Ribosome b. Mitochondrial c. Chloroplast d. Lysosome 2. Which of the following organelles have double membrane? a. Chloroplast b. Ribosome c. Lysosome d. Vacuole 3. Which of the following organelle is not present in an animal cell? a. Ribosome b. Plastid c. Mitochondrial d. Nucleus 4. Plastid that is colourless is a. Chromoplast b. Leucoplast c. Chloroplast d. Lysosome 5. Plant cell wall is mainly composed of a. Cellulose b. Lipid c. Protein d. Sugar 6. The infoldings of the inner membrane of mitochondria are known as a. Stroma b. Grana c. Cristae d. Oxysome 7. The site of aerobic respiration, in an animal cell, is a. Ribosome b. Mitochondrial c. Chloroplast d. Nucleus 8. Ribosomes are the site of a. Protein synthesis b. Lipid synthesis c. Respiration d. Photosynthesis 9. Which of the following statements is correct? a. Prokaryotic cells are surrounded by a cell membrane b. Prokaryotic cells have a nucleus c. Eukaryotic cells have genetic information d. Eukaryotic cells have membrane-bound organelles 10. The membrane that surrounds the vacuole is a. Tonoplast b. Plasma membrane c. Cell wall d. Nuclear membrane 11. The organelle involved in cell secretion is a. Plastids b. ER c. Golgi bodies d. Nucleolus 12. Plasmolysis occurs due to a.Diffusion b. Endosmosis c. Exosmosis d. Absorption 13. The solution that has higher water concentration than the cell is known as a. Hypertonic b. Hypotonic c. Isotonic d. None of these 14. Cell nucleus was discovered by a. Robert Hooke b. Robert Brown c. Virchow d. Leuwenhoek 15. Which process requires the energy provided by ATP? a. Osmosis b. Diffusion c. Active transport d. Plasmolysis 16. Cellular respiration is related to ______ as __________ is related to chloroplasts. a. Mitochondria, Light b. Mitochondria, Photosynthesis c. Chloroplast, Light d. Chloroplast, Photosynthesis 17. Lipid molecules in the cell are synthesised by a. SER b. RER c. Golgi bodies d. Ribosomes 18. A cell that contains a large central vacuole is a. Plant cell b. Animal cell c. Bacterial cell d. Yeast cell 19. Old organelles, viruses and bacteria that a cell can ingest are broken down in a. Ribosomes b. Lysosomes c. SER d. RER 20. A slide of human cheek cell is stained with methylene blue and mounted in glycerine. Which of the following cellular organelle would you be able to see under a microscope? a. Plasma membrane b. Cell wall c. Mitochondrial d. Lysosome 21. A cell “X” contains a cell wall, large central vacuole and a nucleus at the periphery. The cell “X” is _______. a. Plant cell b. Animal cell c. Bacterial cell d. Prokaryotic cell 22. In human cheek cells, the nucleus is located at the ________. a. Center of the cell b. The left side of the cell c. The right side of the cell d. None of these. 23. Which term is used to refer the process of absorption of water by raisins from kheer? a. Exosmosis b. Endosmosis c. Diffusion d. Imbibition 24. Raisins soaked in high concentrated solution of sugar ____i_____. The process involved is known as ___ii____. a. i- shrinks, ii- endosmosis b. i- swells, ii- Exosmosis c. i- shrinks, ii- exosmosis d. i- swells, ii- endosmosis 25. When raisins are kept in water, the water moves ____i____ the raisins. This makes the raisins to __ii____. a. i- inside, ii- swell b. i- inside, ii- shrink c. i- outside, ii- swell d. i-outside, ii- shrink 26. What will happen, a when a human RBC is a placed in a hypotonic environment? a. It undergoes plasmolysis b. It undergoes turgidity c. It is at equilibrium d. None of these
Answers
Explanation:
1. Ribosome
2. Chloroplast
3. Plastid
4. leucoplast
5. Cellulose
6. Cristae
7. Mitochondria
8. Protein synthesis
9. d option
10. Tonoplast
11. Golgi bodies
12. Diffusion
14. Robert brown
15. Active transport
16. Chloroplast, photosynthesis
17. SER
18. Plant cell
19. lysosmes
21. plant cell
Answer:
The given questions about Cellular Biology can be answered as follows.
Explanation:
1. a. Ribosomes
Ribosomes act as the primary protein synthesizers, involved in genomic translation. They measure around 20 nm.
Lysosomes, the suicidal bags of the cell, have lytic enzymes within them, which can cause cell death upon requirement. They measure around 200 nm.
Mitochondria, the powerhouse of the cell, acts as the site of cellular respiration and thereby, energy production. They measure around 3000 nm.
Chloroplast, being the site of photosynthesis, measures approximately 5000 nm.
2. a. Chloroplast
Chloroplasts, along with mitochondria are double-membraned organelles.
Ribosomes have no membrane around them.
Lysosomes and vacuoles, on the other hand, are bound by a single membrane.
3. B. Plastids
Plastids, being involved in the process of photosynthesis, are absent in animal cells since they don’t photosynthesize.
Ribosomes, Mitochondria and Nuclei, vital in animal functions, are all present in animal cells.
4. B. Leucoplast
Also considered white plastids, they’re usually colourless.
Chromoplasts, on the other hand, are coloured, while Chloroplasts are green in colour. Lysosomes are lytic organelles, filled with such enzymes, and thus, could be coloured, too.
5. a. Cellulose
Cellulose makes up a majority of the cell wall of plant cells.
6. C. Cristae
They are responsible for increasing the mitochondrial ability to produce ATP.
7. b. Mitochondria
They are sites of cellular respiration.
8. a. Protein synthesis
They are involved in protein synthesis, as a result of genomic translation.
9. d. Eukaryotic cells have membrane-bound organelles
Unlike prokaryotes, the eukaryotic cells are more evolved, and thus, have membrane-bound organelles.
10. a. Tonoplast
Tonoplast covers the vacuole and is equivalent to the protoplast of the cell.
11. c. Golgi bodies
They are involved in the packaging and transporting of cellular products.
12. c. Exosmosis
Plasmolysis occurs due to exosmosis, due to lower plasma potential and thus, the collapsing of the plasma membrane.
13. a. Hypertonic
A hypertonic concentration is higher than the comparative, while a hypotonic one is lower. An isotonic concentration, however, is equimolar to the comparative.
14. a. Robert Hooke
He used his microscope to observe the nucleus, at first.
15. c. Active transport
Since this is transport against the concentration gradient, it requires energy, which is used up as ATP.
16. b. Mitochondria, Photosynthesis
Mitochondria are involved in cellular respiration (ATP production), while chloroplasts are involved in photosynthesis.
17. a. SER
The SER is involved in lipid synthesis, while the RER is involved in protein synthesis.
18. a. Plant cell
A plant cell contains a large central vacuole, giving it its shape and contour while enabling it to store its products.
19. b. Lysosomes
Known are the suicidal bags, they can secrete lytic enzymes, which can digest the entire cell, its components, or even its products.
20. a. Plasma membrane
The plasma membrane gets easily stained by methylene blue
21. A cell “X” contains a cell wall, a large central vacuole and a nucleus at the periphery. The cell “X” is a plant cell.
22. In human cheek cells, the nucleus is located at the centre of the cell.
23. Imbibition
Raisins imbibe the liquid from the milk onto its periphery.
24. Raisins soaked in a highly concentrated solution of sugar shrinks. The process involved is known as exosmosis.
25. When raisins are kept in water, the water moves inside the raisins. This makes the raisins to swell.
26. b. It undergoes turgidity
Since the surrounding medium is hypotonic, the liquid enters the RBC, making the cell turgid.
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