1)Why were the peasants reluctant to grow indigo? 2)Which were the three new revenue settlements introduced by the British? Discuss any two of them. 3) What do you understand by ryot?
Answers
)peasants were reluctant to grow indigo because once indigo is planted in a land, it begins to lose its fertility very quickly. therefore, in a short period of time , the land becomes unusable.
2)the three new revenues were-:
zamindari-:Zamindars were recognized as owner of the lands. Zamindars were given the rights to collect the rent from the peasants.Also known as Permanent Settlement System.Zamindari System was introduced by Cornwallis in 1793 through Permanent Settlement Act.It was introduced in provinces of Bengal, Bihar, Orissa and Varanasi
ryotwari-:In Ryotwari System the ownership rights were handed over to the peasants. British Government collected taxes directly from the peasants.The revenue rates of Ryotwari System were 50% where the lands were dry and 60% in irrigated land
mahalwari-:The Mahalwari system had many provisions of both the Zamindari System and Ryotwari System.In this system, the land was divided into Mahals. Each Mahal comprises one or more villages.Ownership rights were vested with the peasants.
3)A person who owns or rents a small piece of land and grows crops or keeps animals on it is called a ryot. Ryotwari system was introduced relating to this.
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