1. Write about the disease of forgetfulness (Essay)
please say me answers
l will make it brainlest
Answers
Answer:
M. T. an 86-year-old Asian male is brought into the geriatric clinic by his daughter because he is becoming more forgetful. The daughter explains that the patient often does not even recognize his own grandson. When asked, however, the patient denies memory impairment. The daughter states that her father has been having trouble for almost four years now. She said she did not realize how much her father had changed until she watched a home video of her father with his grandson from six years ago. “His personality has even seemed to have changed,” said the daughter. M.T. is no longer able to take care of his house and household chores and is sometimes slow to respond to questions.
Past Medical History
Peptic Ulcer Disease (PUD) with the last occurrence three years ago.
Social History
Retired sanitation worker times fifteen years. Lives with his daughter since his wife died five years ago. Previous cigarette smoker quit fifteen years ago. Denies ethyl alcohol (ETOH), and intravenous drug abuse.
Family History
Father died in combat in Korea
Mother died at age 92, unknown cause
Medications and allergies
NKDA
Prevacid 30 mg orally once daily Mylanta 30 ml orally as needed for stomach upset
Aspirin EC 81 mg orally once daily Tylenol 325 mg orally as needed for headache
Physical Examination
General – patient is a thin, pleasant man, with working memory in no acute distress.
Vital signs – BP 145/78 , pulse 80 RR 17 , WT 70 kg , Ht 6’2” BMI 19.8
HEENT- Pupil’s PERLA Ears with cerumen Neck – no bruit no JVD
Cardiovascular – Normal sinus rhythm, S1 S2, negative for S3/S4, resp RRR
Neuro – Aox1 (Oriented to person only), CN – XII – XII intact, reflex normal
Abdomen – positive bowel sounds, non-tender, non-distended
External – WNL, no clubbing, cyanosis, or edema
Laboratory Tests
Albumin – (3.6-5 g/dL) 3.6g/dL total protein – (6.3-8.2g/dL) 6.8g/dL
Alk Phos – (38-126U/L) 41U/L ALT – (7-58 U/L) 21 U/L
AST – (7-58 U/L) 21 U/L bilirubin – (0.2-1.3ug/dL) 0.3ug/dL
BUN – (8-25mg/dL) 11mg/dL HgB – (13.2-15.2 g/dL) 13.5g/dL
SCr- (0.5-1.4mg/dL) 0.7mg/dL Hct (40-52%) 39%
Na+ (134- 146 mEq/dL) 136 mEq/dL Plts – (140-450 mm3) 300,000/mm2
Cl-(98-107mEq/dL) 103 mEq/dL WBC – (4.1-10.9mm3) 8700/mm2
Bicarb – (22-26 mEq/dL) 24 mEq/dL ESR – (<30mm/hr.) 17mm/hr.
Glucose – (65-110mg/dL) 101mg/dL B12 – (223-1132 pg. /ml) 452pg/ml
Ca- (8.9-10.4 mEq/dL) 8.5 mEq/dL folate – (3.6-20ng/dL) 6.4ng/dL
Mag – (1.6-2.4mEq/dL)1.9 mEq/dLFTI – (4-11) 6.3
Phos – (2.5-4.5 mg/dL) 3.3 mg/dLT3 – (75-220ng/dL) 101ng/dL
Cholesterol- (<200mg/dL) 160mg/dLT4 – (4-11mEq/dL) 6.1 mEq/dL
TSH – (0.35-6.2 microU/uL) 2.0 micro Unit/uLRPR – non-reactive
Radiology Testing
CT scan impression – mild cortical atrophy
Diagnosis
Dementia (senile dementia) is a syndrome rather than a distinct disease entity. It is usually progressive and irreversible. It is characterized by a general decline in cognitive abilities that may include losses of memory, abstract reasoning, judgment, and impulse control, as well as changes in personality. It is usually subtle in onset and often progresses slowly until symptoms are very obvious and profoundly devastating. The three most common dementias are Alzheimer’s disease, multi-infarct dementia, and a mixed Alzheimer’s disease and multi-infarct dementia (Cayton, Graham, & Warner, 2004).
Alzheimer’s disease is sometimes called primary degenerative dementia or senile dementia of the Alzheimer’s type. It accounts for at least 80 percent of all the dementias suffered by the elderly (Whalley, Lawrence, & Breitner, 2009). It is a progressive, irreversible, degenerative neurologic disease of unknown origin that begins insidiously. The highest incidence is among persons 65 years and older with increasing incidence after age 70. The life expectancy following the diagnosis varies from six to twenty years (Whalley, Lawrence, & Breitner, 2009).
The etiology of the disease is unknown, but there are specific neuropathologic and biochemical changes. These include neurofibrillary tangles and senile or neuritic plaques. This neuronal damage occurs primarily in the cerebral cortex and results in decreased brain size. These changes are found to a lesser extent in normal brain tissue of older adults. Cells principally affected by this disease are the ones that use the neurotransmitter acetylcholine. Biochemically, the enzyme active in producing acetylcholine is decreased. Acetylcholine is specifically involved in memory processing (Whalley, Lawrence, & Breitner, 2009).
Answer:
Memory loss that disrupts daily life may be a symptom of Alzheimer's or other dementia. Alzheimer's is a brain disease that causes a slow decline in memory, thinking and reasoning skills. There are 10 warning signs and symptoms. If you notice any of them, don't ignore them. Schedule an appointment with your doctor. One of the most common signs of Alzheimer’s disease, especially in the early stage, is forgetting recently learned information. Others include forgetting important dates or events, asking for the same questions over and over, and increasingly needing to rely on memory aids (e.g., reminder notes or electronic devices) or family members for things they used to handle on their own.
Explanation:
HOPE IT HELPED