10 Draw a reapresentative diagram showing the
factor and products of photo sythes is?
Answers
Answer:
The outcomes of light-dependent reactions of photosynthesis are:
ATP
NADPH
O2
H+ ions
The products of light-independent reactions (Calvin cycle) of photosynthesis are:
glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate (G3P) / Glucose (carbohydrates)
H+ ions
The overall products of photosynthesis are:
Glucose (carbohydrates)
Water
Oxygen
Sulfur (in photosynthetic sulfur bacteria)
Photosynthesis examples
Photosynthesis in green plants or oxygenic bacteria
In plants and oxygenic bacteria like cyanobacteria, photosynthesis takes place in the presence of green pigment, chlorophyll.
It takes place in the thylakoids of the chloroplasts, resulting in products like oxygen gas, glucose, and water molecules.
Most of the glucose units in plants are linked to form starch or fructose or even sucrose.
Photosynthesis in sulfur bacteria
In purple sulfur bacteria, photosynthesis takes place in the presence of hydrogen sulfur rather than water.
Some of these bacteria like green sulfur bacteria have chlorophyll whereas other purple sulfur bacteria have carotenoids as photosynthetic pigments.
The result of photosynthesis in these bacteria are carbohydrates (not necessarily glucose), sulfur gas, and water molecules.
Importance of photosynthesis
Photosynthesis is the primary source of energy in autotrophs where they make their food by utilizing carbon dioxide, sunlight, and photosynthetic pigments.
Photosynthesis is equally essential for heterotrophs, as they derive their energy from the autotrophs.
Photosynthesis in plants is necessary to maintain the oxygen levels in the atmosphere.
Besides, the products of photosynthesis contribute to the carbon cycle occurring in the oceans, land, plants, and animals.
Similarly, it also helps maintain a symbiotic relationship between plants, animals, and humans.
Sunlight or solar energy is the primary source of all other forms of energy on earth, which is utilized through the process of photosynthesis.
Artificial photosynthesis
Artificial photosynthesis is a chemical process that mimics the biological process of utilization of sunlight, water and carbon dioxide to produce oxygen and carbohydrates.
Artificial photosynthesis
Image Source: Phys.
In artificial photosynthesis, photocatalysts are utilized that are capable of replicating the oxidation-reduction reactions taking place during natural photosynthesis.
The main function of artificial photosynthesis is to produce solar fuel from sunlight that can be stored and used under conditions, where sunlight is not available.
As solar fuels are prepared, artificial photosynthesis can be used to produce just oxygen from water and sunlight, resulting in clean energy production.
The most important part of artificial photosynthesis is the photocatalytic splitting of a water molecule, resulting in oxygen and large quantities of hydrogen gas.
Further, light-driven carbon reduction can also be performed to replicate the process of natural carbon fixation, resulting in carbohydrates molecules.
Thus, artificial photosynthesis has applications in the production of solar fuels, photoelectrochemistry, engineering of enzymes, and photoautotrophic microorganisms for the production of microbial biofuel and biohydrogen from sunlight.
Video Animation: Learning from leaves: Going green with artificial photosynthesis
Photosynthesis vs Cellular respiration
Photosynthesis vs Cellular respiration
Image Source: Khan Academy.
Photosynthesis
Cellular respiration
Photosynthesis takes place in green plants, algae, and some photosynthetic bacteria. Cellular respiration takes place in all living organisms.
The process of photosynthesis occurs in the thylakoids of chloroplasts. The process of cellular respiration occurs in mitochondria.
The reactants of photosynthesis are light energy, carbon dioxide, and water.
6CO2 + 6H2O → C6H12O6 + 6O2
The reactants of cellular respiration are glucose and oxygen.
6O2 + C6H12O6 → 6CO2 + 6H2O
The products of photosynthesis are carbon dioxide, water, and energy. The products of cellular respiration are glucose, oxygen, and water molecules.
Photosynthesis is an anabolic process, resulting in the production of organic molecules. Cellular respiration is a catabolic process, resulting in the oxidation of organic molecules to release energy.
Photosynthesis is an endergonic reaction that results in the utilization of energy. Cellular respiration is an exergonic reaction that results in the release of energy
Photosynthesis can only take place in the presence of sunlight. Cellular respiration occurs all the time as it doesn’t require sunlight.
Video Animation: Photosynthesis vs. Cellular Respiration Comparison (BOGObiology)
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