10. What is a Plateau? Describe the different types of plateaus.
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A plateau is a flat, elevated landform that rises sharply above the surrounding area on at least one side. Plateaus occur on every continent and take up a third of the Earths land. They are one of the four major landforms, along with mountains, plains, and hills.
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There are two kinds of plateaus: dissected plateaus and volcanic plateaus. A dissected plateau forms as a result of upward movement in the Earths crust. The uplift is caused by the slow collision of tectonic plates. The Colorado Plateau, in the western United States, has been
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- Plateaus are raised sections of land, upwelled by natural forces and further modified by rain and wind through erosion.
- Known to produce holes in the lithosphere and create volcanoes, magma also raises the ground and forms plateaus.
- A meek little river today, the San Rafael is the culprit of carving out the Little Grand Canyon in Utah, millions of years ago.
According to their mode of formation, they are divided into the following three types:
- Tectonic Plateaus == They are caused by earth’s movements that result in the uplifting of plateaus and are normally of a considerable size with uniform altitude. They include continental blocks like the Deccan Plateau in India. While some plateaus are tilted like Meseta of Central Iberia or are faulted like the Harz of Germany.
- Dissected Plateaus == Through the continental process of weathering and erosion by running water, ice and winds, high and extensive plateaus are gradually worn down and their surfaces made irregular in the humid highlands stream action and sometimes glaciers cuts deep narrow valleys in the plateau and are called dissected plateaus. An example of dissected plateaus is Scottish Highlands.
- Volcanic Plateaus == These kinds of plateaus are formed by molten lava. When molten lava erupts from the earth’s crust, it spreads onto its surface to form successive sheets of basaltic lava. These solidify to form the lava plateau. Some of the well-known lava plateaus include the Antrim plateau of Northern Ireland and the North Western Plateau of the Deccan Plateau.
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