Question

11. Why are chloroplasts called "kitchen of the cell"?
Q12. Differentiate between
(i) Rough endoplasmic reticulum and smooth endoplasmic reticulum
ii) Cell wall and cell membrane​

Answer 1

Answer:

Chloroplast called the kitchen of the cell because it contains the green pigment Chlorophyll.

Answer 2

HEYA FRIEND HERE IS YOUR ANSWER

1.Why are chloroplasts called "kitchen of the cell"?

• Actually Chloroplast the Green Plastid are called as the KITCHEN OF THE CELL.
• Because it contains the green pigment Chlorophyll. Chlorophyll helps the Cell to prepare its own food by trapping Sunlight through the process of photosynthesis.
• It has an envelope made up of two membranes contains gel like Stroma and a system of membranes called Grana.

• Chloroplasts are small organelles inside the cells of plants. They absorb light to make sugar in a process called photosynthesis.
• The sugar can be stored in the form of starch. Chloroplasts contain the chlorophyll which absorbs sunlight for photosynthesis and convert it into energy. This energy is the plants food.

• Therefore, this is considered as the kitchen of the cell where the plant's food is made. In addition to chlorophyll, a chloroplast uses carbon dioxide and water to form sugar and gives off oxygen. Chlorophyll is what gives green plants their green colour.

2. (A)BASIS FOR COMPARISON SMOOTH ENDOPLASMIC RETICULUM ROUGH ENDOPLASMIC RETICULUM

Meaning

• Smooth ER appears like containing many circular marks which are the interlocking tubular sheets and they may be varied in look and function as well.

• Rough ER looks like the arrangement of the double membranes which are spotted with the ribosomes all over. They appear consisting of the parallel sheets of membrane.

Found near

• Smooth ER is found near the cell membrane.

• Rough ER is found near the cytoplasm.

Originates from

• Rough endoplasmic reticulum by giving off the ribosomes.
• From nuclear membrane.

Ribosomes  

• They do not have ribosomes.

• They have ribosomes.

Composed of  

• Tubules.

• Cisternae.

It mainly produces  

• Lipids and Proteins.

• Proteins.

DIFFERENTIATION BETWEEN CELL WALL AND CELL MEMBRANE

• Present only in plants, and in some fungi, bacteria, algae.(CELL WALL)
• Present in all types of cells, in humans, animals, plants, bacteria, etc. (CELL MEMBRANE)

• It is the outer non-living part of the cell but not an organelle which ()encloses cell membrane and provides a fixed shape.(CELL WALL)

• It is an outermost, flexible, living organelle of the cell which provides shape to the cell. (CELL MEMBRANE)

• It is made up of pectin, chitin, lignin, glycol proteins, glycolipids, sugar, and cellulose. (CELL WALL)
• It is a lipid bilayer. And is composed of lipoproteins and carbohydrates. (CELL MEMBRANE)

• It is the thick and rigid structure with a fixed shape. (CELL WALL)

• It is thin and delicate structure. It is flexible to change the shape as needed. (CELL MEMBRANE)

• It protects the cell from the external environment.(CELL WALL)
• It protects and maintains the internal environment of the cell. (CELL MEMBRANE)

• The cell wall is elastic. (CELL WALL)
• The cell membrane is non-elastic. (CELL MEMBRANE)

• The cell wall is metabolically inactive(CELL WALL)

• The cell membrane is metabolically active. (CELL MEMBRANE)

• The cell wall grows in thickness over time. Further, it occupies the whole cell in the plant as the cell ages and dies.(CELL WALL)
• It is of the same thickness for the whole lifetime of the organism. (CELL MEMBRANE)

               HOPE IT HELPS YOU!!!