12. Which separation techniques will you apply for the separation of the following ?
[NCERT]
(a) Sodium chloride from its solution in water.
(b) Ammonium chloride from a mixture containing sodium chloride and ammonium chloride.
(c) Small piece of metal in the engine oil of a car.
(d) Different pigments from an extract of flower petals.
(e) Butter from curd.
(1) Oil from water.
(g) Tea leaves from tea
(h) Iron pins from sand.
(1) Wheat grains from husk.
(1) Fine mud particles suspended in water.
Answers
Answer:
b) Ammonium chloride from a mixture containing sodium chloride and Ammonium chloride
Explanation:
(1) The evaporation method will isolate the sodium chloride from its solution in water. During the process, water evaporates leaving behind the sodium chloride in the container.
(2) By sublimation process, ammonium chloride can be obtained as sublime from the mixture which contains sodium chloride and ammonium chloride.
(3) Small pieces of metal in the engine oil of a car may be separated by the filtration process using an appropriate filter.
(4) Using chromatography technique different pigments from an extract of flower petals.
(5) Butter can be isolated from curd by the centrifugation method.
(6) The mixture of oil and water can be separated by using separating funnel technique. The mechanism involves taking advantage of the unequal density of the particles in the mixture. In the mixture of oil and water, water density is more than oil, hence water is separated first from the separating funnel leaving behind the oil.
(7) Tea leaves can be isolated from tea by the filtration method. Various filtering agents such as filter paper and other material are used to proceed with the filtration process.
(8) Iron pins can be separated from the sand by a magnetic separation method. Since iron has a strong magnetic property it can be isolated using strong magnets.
(9) Wheat grains from husk can be done through the Winnowing technique or sedimentation process. This process takes some amount of time.
(10) Fine particles of mud suspended in water can be separated by the process of sedimentation followed by the filtration method. Sedimentation is a process by which heavier impurities present in mixture settle down at the bottom of the container and it can be separated by the filtration method. Centrifugation process can also be used.