14. Match the following:a. Turns blue litmus red 1. Carbon dioxide b. Turns red litmus blue il. Hydrogen c. Reaction between acid and base III. Acids d. Gas released when acid react with metal iv. Bases e. Gas turns lime water milky v. Salts
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Islam is the second-largest religion in India,[6] with 14.2% of the country's population, approximately 172.2 million people,[7] identifying as adherents of Islam in the 2011 census.[8][9] It makes India the country with the largest Muslim population outside Muslim-majority countries. South Asia contains the largest population of Muslims in the world. One-third of Muslims are of South Asian origin.[10][11][12] The majority of Indian Muslims belong to the Sunni sect of Islam, while the Shia form a sizeable minority.
Islam in India existed in communities along the Arab coastal trade routes on the western shoreline of India particularly in Gujarat, and Malabar as soon as the religion originated and had gained early acceptance in the Arabian Peninsula, though the first incursion through sea by the new Muslim successor states of the Arab World occurred around 636 CE or 643 AD, during the Rashidun Caliphate, long before any Arab army reached the frontier of India by land. The Barwada Mosque in Ghogha, Gujarat built before 623 CE, Cheraman Juma Mosque (629 CE) in Methala, Kerala and Palaiya Jumma Palli (or The Old Jumma Masjid - 628 - 630 CE) in Kilakarai, Tamil Nadu are three of the first mosques in India which were built by seafaring Arab merchants.[13][14][15][16][17] Islam arrived in the inland of Indian subcontinent in the 7th century when the Arabs conquered Sindh and later arrived in North India in the 12th century via the Ghurids conquest and has since become a part of India's religious and cultural heritage.[18][19][20][21][22]
The Delhi Sultanate and the Mughal Empire have ruled most of South Asia and the Bengal Sultanate, the Deccan sultanates and the Sur Empire have played major economic and political roles. The peak of the Islamic rule in India was marked under the sharia and proto-industrialised[23] reign of emperor Aurangzeb, the world's largest economy, upon the compilation and establishment of the Fatawa Alamgiri.[24][25][26] The re-introduction of further Islamic policies by Mysore King Tipu Sultan and Arakkal kingdom based at Kannur[27] contributed to South Indian culture.[28][29] The Hyderabad State ruled by the Nizams served as the last self-governing princely state of India until its annexation by the Dominion of India. Over the centuries, there has been significant integration of Hindu and Muslim cultures across India[30][31] and Muslims have played a notable role in the economics, politics, and culture of India.[32]
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