15.(a) Why is phenylchloride(chlorobenzene)less reactive than ethylchloride(chloro Give reasons. (b) Complete the reaction: H3C - CH – CH2 – CH3 + KOH(aq) - A + KBr Br SOCL2/pyridine B.
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Chlorobenzene is less reactive towards nucleophilic substitution reaction.
1. In chlorobenzene the lone pair of electrons on halogen atom is delocalized on the benzene ring. These are stabilized by resonance, hence, the energy of activation for displacement of halogen is much greater than alkyl halides.
2. In chlorobenzene, the carbon atom to which halogen atom is attached sp
2
hybridized and highly electronegative in nature so it cannot be replaced by a nucleophile
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