18.(a) What is the term for cuscuta, ticks and leeches?
(b)Name the substances on which the following enzymes act in the human digestive system:
(i) Trypsin (ii) Amylase (iii) Pepsin (iv) Lipase
(c)Why does absorption of digested food occur mainly in the small intestine?
(a)Name the main organs of the human digestive system. Also name the associated glands.
(b)How do carbohydrates, fats and proteins get digested in human beings?
Answers
Answer:
18. (a) saprophitic plants (b) (i) proteins (ii) carbohydrates (iii) protiens (iv) fats
(c)1. It's site of complete digestion
2. It has finger like projections called villi which helps in absorption.
(a) Mouth - salivary gland , Stomach - gastric gland ,
(b) 1. Carbohydrates are digested by amylase into glucose
2. Fats are digested by lipase into fatty acids and glycerol.
3. Protiens are digested by trypsin into amino acids.
All are broken down in small intestine.
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Answer:
(a) Cuscuta, ticks and leeches, all are parasites, i.e., organism which feeds on another living organism called its host. A parasite receives its food from the host but gives no benefit to host in return.
(b) (i) Trypsin acts on proteins. (ii) Amylase acts on starch. (iii) Pepsin acts on proteins. 4) at into fatty acid.
(c) Absorption of digested food occurs mainly in the small intestine because it consist of many finger-like projections called villi that are supplied with numerous blood vessels. They provide a large surface area for the absorption of food.
(a) The alimentary canal consists of mouth, oesophagus, stomach, small intestine, large intestine and anus. The associated glands consist of salivary glands, liver, pancreas, gastric and intestinal glands.
(b) Carbohydrates, proteins, and fats are digested in the intestine, where they are broken down into their basic units: Carbohydrates into sugars. Proteins into amino acids. Fats into fatty acids and glycerol.