Question

1G , 2G , 3G , 4G What is the diifference?

Answer 1

What are the differences between 1G, 2G, 3G, 4G and 5G?

This evolution journey was started in 1979 from 1G and it is still continuing to 5G. The layman difference between these xG is in the data rate speed which undoubtedly increases from 1G to 5G. The technical difference lies in terms of spectral efficiency(expressed in bits/sec/Hz). Spectral efficiency of 2G is 0.18,4G has around 16, LTE A has approximately 3o and for newbie 5G it jumps to 145.6 bits/sec/Hz. Let me discuss some brief points about each generation in ascending order .

1G

launched in Japan by NTT in 1979it was completely analog technologyModulation : Analog FMMultiple Access Scheme: FDMA with FDD

Disadvantage: a lot of noise (causes irritation)

2G

commercially launched in Finland in 1991Digital modulation was first introducedUplink band:890–915 MHz & Downlink band: 935–960 MHzMultiple Access Scheme: FDMA, TDMA(used in GSM) &CDMAData rate: upto 9.6 KbpsNew thing introduced was digitally encrypted text messagesVoice calls are free of noise due to digital modulationExamples are GSM & CDMA

Diadvantage: Dedicated channel is allotted to ongoing voice call

NOTE: 2G systems are going to be shut by the end of this year.

2.5G/GPRS

Till 2G circuit switching was used, 2.5G onwards packet switching came into picture for data transmissionData transmits at 64–144 kbps

2.75G(EDGE)

provides improved data ratesuses 8PSK encodingEDGE is standardized by 3GPP as part of GSM familyit has three-fold capacity than GSM/GPRSApplications: call forwarding, short messaging

3G

deployed in 2002works on 2100 MHz bandit increased the efficiency of spectrum by compressing audioit supports upto 2 Mbps speed for stationary or low mobility users and upto 384 Kbps for mobile users.carrier is at high frequency, hence require more transmitting powerApplications: web browsing, high security, international roaming

4G

came into picture in 2000 but deployed in 2010LTE (widely used) and Wimax are two technologiesworks on 1800 MHz, 2600 MHz and 800 MHz bands4G introduced the whole network packet based like internetuses packet switching like in 3G but additionally message switching is also there which makes it more beneficialit uses integral architecture of LAN and WANit works on OFDM and MIMO principleone carrier can support upto 200 voice channels simultaneouslymain focus is on live streaming and video callssupports data rate upto 1 Gbps for immobile users and upto 100 Mbps for mobile users

5G

will be deployed in US and Europe by 2020 (In India by 2025 hopefully)MMW(MiliMeter Waves) will be used as carrierwill support data rate >1GpbsTechnology: WWWWURLLC provide low latency that is upto 1 msMassive MIMO will be the key featureApplications: Driverless Car, Radio Surgery, 8K video transmission

Hope it helps and give you a brief difference what you asked about.

Thanks for reading.

Answer 2

Simply, the "G" stands for"GENERATION" . While you connected to internet, the speed of your internet is depends upon the signal strength that has been shown in alphabets like 2G, 3G, 4G etc. right next to the signal bar on your home screen. Each Generation is defined as a set of telephonenetwork standards , which detail the technological implementation of a particular mobile phone system. The speed increases and the technology used to achieve that speed also changes. For eg, 1G offers 2.4 kbps, 2G offers 64 Kbps and is based on GSM, 3G offers 144 kbps-2 mbps whereas 4G offers 100 Mbps - 1 Gbps and is based on LTE technology .
each generation has requirements that specify things like throughput, delay, etc. that need to be met to be considered part of that generation. Each generation built upon the research and development which happened since the last generation. 1G was not used to identify wireless technologyuntil 2G, or the second generation, was released. That was a major jump in the technology when the wireless networks went from analog to digital .
, 3D television, and cloud computing.


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