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(d) Adult monarch butterflies feed on nectar. Nectar is a liquid that is produced by plants.
Plan an investigation to determine the types of food molecules that nectar contains.
Answers
Answer:
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Explanation:
REPORT...
Nectar, sweet viscous secretion from the nectaries, or glands, in plant blossoms, stems, and leaves. Nectar is mainly a watery solution of the sugars fructose, glucose, and sucrose but also contains traces of proteins, salts, acids, and essential oils. Sugar content varies from 3 to 80 percent, depending upon such factors as plant species and soil and air conditions. The production of nectar as a food reward for animals is a classic example of coevolution.
The main ingredients in nectar are sugars in varying proportions of sucrose, glucose, and fructose. In addition, nectars have diverse other phytochemicals serving to both attract pollinators and discourage predators. Carbohydrates, amino acids, and volatiles function to attract some species, whereas alkaloids and polyphenols appear to provide a protective function.
EXAMPLE..----→
The Nicotiana attenuata, a tobacco plant native to the US state of Utah, uses several volatile aromas to attract pollinating birds and moths. The strongest such aroma is benzylacetone, but the plant also adds bitter nicotine, which is less aromatic, so may not be detected by the bird until after taking a drink. Researchers speculate the purpose of this addition is to discourage the forager after only a sip, motivating it to visit other plants, therefore maximizing the pollination efficiency gained by the plant for a minimum nectar output. Neurotoxins such as aesculin are present in some nectars such as that of the California buckeye. Nectar contains water, carbohydrates, amino acids, ions and numerous other compounds.
Pollinators feed on the nectar and depending on the location of the nectary the pollinator assists in fertilization and outcrossing of the plant as they brush against the reproductive organs, the stamen and pistil, of the plant and pick up or deposit pollen. Nectar from floral nectaries is sometimes used as a reward to insects, such as ants, that protect the plant from predators. Many floral families have evolved a nectar spur. These spurs are projections of various lengths formed from different tissues, such as the petals or sepals. They allow for pollinators to land on the elongated tissue and more easily reach the nectaries and obtain the nectar reward. Different characteristics of the spur, such as its length or position in the flower, may determine the type of pollinator that visits the flower.
Answer:
collect samples of nectar (from plants) ;
(repeat test on) more than one sample ;
named nutrient molecule ;
perform (named) food tests ;;
details of food testing method ;;
detail of positive and negative food test results ;
valid safety precaution ;
AVP ; e.g. sample from plants at different times of year to see if content
changes / AW
Explanation:
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