2. Explain the structure of an atom with the help of a diagram of sodium atom.
Atomic number = 11
Answers
An atom is the smallest and fundamental block of an element. It has many known and unknown particles but mainly:
1. Nucleus: It is the centre of an atom and it is only part which contains most of the mass of an atom. It was discovered by Rutherford and there are two types of particles inside it: Neutron and Proton.
2. Neutron: It is a particle with no charge and remains inside the nucleus. It was discovered by James Chadwick.
3. Proton: It is a particle with a positive charge and lies inside the nucleus. It was discovered by Goldstein.
4. Electron: It is a particle with a negative charge and lies outside the nucleus. It was discovered by William Crookes. It rotates around fixed orbits called as Orbitals.
5. Orbitals: Discovered by Bohr, these are shells/orbits with fixed energy. The electrons rotate in these shells.
The electron follow 2n² rule where n is the no. of shell. This rule decides how many electron will be there in which orbit.
The picture above has the Sodium atom diagram. Please refer it...
I hope this helps.
