Question

2. (i) what is a micelle? explain the mechanism of cleansing action of soaps.
(ii) what is meant by hydrogenation? with the help of chemical equation, explain the role of this reaction in industry.​

Answer 1

Answer:

a spherical cluster made by soap in water having polar or ionic end at one side and non polar end at another side

Addition of hydrogen in alkene or double or triple bonded compounds are called hydrogenation

Answer 2

Answer :

(i)

• A micelle is a cluster/emulsion of soap molecules with the air tails sticking inwards and their heads pointing outward. The water soluble part attach themselves to the water molecules and the oil soluble part to the dirt.

• When dirt cloth is agitated in the soap solution, the dirt get dispersed in water and are removed from the cloth.

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(ii)

• Hydrogenation- Process by which unsaturated compounds reacts with hydrogen in the presence of nickel (as a catalyst) to form saturated compound.

• This reaction is commonly used in the hydrogenation of vegetable oils. Vegetable oils have long unsaturated carbon chains which are converted into vegetable ghee, i.e., saturated fatty acids.