Question

2. Peeling away of the outer layer of a rock is
3. The atmosphere doesn't get heated by
4. Planetary winds are caused by giant
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Answer 1

Answer:

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Explanation:

PREVAILING WINDS

HEMISPHERIC PREVAILING WINDS

Since the atmosphere is fixed to the earth by gravity and rotates with the earth, there would be no circulation if some force did not upset the atmosphere's equilibrium.  The heating of the earth's surface by the sun is the force responsible for creating the circulation that does exist.



Temperature Inversions. Overnight cooling creates a temperature inversion a few hundred feet above the ground that can produce significant wind shear, especially if the inversion is coupled with the low-level jet stream.

As a nocturnal inversion develops, the wind shear near the top of the inversion increases. It usually reaches its maximum speed shortly after midnight and decreases in the morning as daytime heating dissipates the inversion. This phenomenon is known as the low-level nocturnal jet stream. The low level jet stream is a sheet of strong winds, thousands of miles long, hundreds of miles wide and hundreds of feet thick that forms over flat terrain such as the prairies. Wind speeds of 40 knots are common, but greater speeds have been measured. Low level jet streams are responsible for hazardous low level shear

Because of the curvature of the earth, the most direct rays of the sun strike the earth in the vicinity of the equator resulting in the greatest concentration of heat, the largest possible amount of radiation, and the maximum heating of the atmosphere in this area of the earth.  At the same time, the sun's rays strike the earth at the poles at a very oblique angle, resulting in a much lower concentration of heat and much less radiation so that there is, in fact, very little heating of the atmosphere over the poles and consequently very cold temperatures.Cold air, being more dense, sinks and hot air, being less dense, rises.  Consequently, the rising warm air at the equator becomes even less dense as it rises and its pressure decreases.  An area of low pressure, therefore, exists over the equator.