2. Read the passage given below.<br />
(8)<br />
The trouble with ageing is that it is inevitable. The truth about ageing in India is that we have<br />
not yet bullt an adequate knowledge base to respond to its multifarious challenges. So says<br />
the United Nations Population Fund in its recently released Report on the Status of Elderly in<br />
Select States of India. The focus of the study is on the seven states where the aged population<br />
is larger than the national average. These are Tamil Nadu, Kerala, Maharashtra, Odisha,<br />
Paschim Banga, Punjab and Himachal Pradesh. Three-fourths of the elderly in India live in<br />
rural areas and bear the brunt of poverty, illiteracy, income insecurity and inadequate<br />
healthcare. 609% of them are currently married and over 75% live with at least one of their<br />
children. But widowhood is over 50% among women, reflecting greater longevity among<br />
females and gender-specific concerns that arise on account of ageing.<br />
The survey also reports high levels of substance abuse, with no significant variations<br />
between rural and urban areas. On average, there is equal reliance on public and private<br />
healthcare facilities, while in Odisha and Punjab, there is noticeably greater dependence on<br />
public and private care respectively. The economic burden incurred by the elderly to make<br />
provision for healthcare is compounded by the fact that most of them have to work to make<br />
ends meet and enjoy no social protection to speak of.<br />
There are major lessons from the survey for the rest of India. After all, the proportion of the<br />
segment aged 60 years and above is projected to grow by 360% by 2050, compared with a<br />
mere 60% rate of increase in the overall population-a product of the decline in fertility rates<br />
and the increase in longevity.<br />
A rapid rise in the numbers of the elderly would impose additional responsibilities on an<br />
ever-shrinking population in the working age and raise fresh social challenges in the context<br />
of the ongoing nuclearisation of India's traditional joint family.<br />
In Western countries, oconomic duvaupmant and accompanying socio-political<br />
advancement preceded population ageing, enabling better planning. India, as with other<br />
developing countries, finds itself having to balance the concerns of the elderly into current<br />
growth imperatives. Conversely, investments in sound social protection and public health<br />
and welfare policies for the country's predominant population under 35 years would prove a<br />
most effective strategy to prepare communities to meet the unfolding transition in the<br />
coming decades.<br />
Short of such a proactive approach, there is a real risk of allowing today's demographic<br />
advantage to turn into tomorrow's adversity.<br />
2.1 On the basis of your reading of the passage, make notes on it using headings and<br />
sub-headings. Also use recognisable abbreviations wherever necessary (minimum 4<br />
and a format you consider suitable. Also supply an appropriate title to it.<br />
(4)<br />
2.2 Write a summary of the given passage in about 100 words.<br />
(4)
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first right the important points of parra snd analysis it is onmy about proative apprach neans established
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