Question

(2) The European countries felt the
necessity of finding new trade routes
to Asia,
(3) European rulers started giving military
protection and trade concessions to
the trading companies.​

Answer 1

Answer:

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Answer 2

Answer:

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(2)

The European countries started finding new trade routes between 1400 and 1500. It is usually termed as European exploration.

The reasons for this exploration are:

• Many European nations were in constant conflict with each other as they struggled to increase their power and wealth.

• Because of these struggles many of the European nations believed trade with other countries in Asia was the best way to increase wealth.

• Europeans wanted to have a profitable spice trade in the East. That is an overland route through Russia and/or the Middle East.

• After the fall of Constantinople in 1453, the Ottoman Turks charged Christian traders high fees to get through and they needed new trade routes.

• The Russian route was not safe because of looting bands of Mongols and Tatars which regularly raided the trade caravans.

• Vasco da Gama found a way to the Indian Ocean around the tip of Africa, that they got the spice trade while cutting out these intruders.

• Many Europeans guessed that one could reach Asia more quickly by sailing west

• This led to further explorations by Columbus to discover the Americas and the Caribbean.