Question

2. The nervous system is made of billions of nerve cells called neurons. These neurons
transfer messages from the body parts to the brain and spinal cord and also receive
messages from them. To study how the messages are transferred it is required to know
the structure of the neuron.

a)Write the function of each part.
i. Dendrites:
iiAxon:
(c) Name the type of neuron involved in the following cases:
i. The nerve transferring information from the retina of the eye to the brain:
ii. Olfactory nerve transmitting impulses about odour to the nervous system (brain):
ii. A neuron originating in the spinal cord and carrying a message to the muscle during locomotion:
iv. A neuron sending messages to the muscles of the hand to pull the hand away from the hot pan:
v. A neuron carrying messages to a gland to release a particular hormone:​

Answer 1

The nervous system is made up of all the nerve cells in your body. It is through the nervous system that we communicate with the outside world and, at the same time, many mechanisms inside our body are controlled. The nervous system takes in information through our senses, processes the information and triggers reactions, such as making your muscles move or causing you to feel pain. For example, if you touch a hot plate, you reflexively pull back your hand and your nerves simultaneously send pain signals to your brain. Metabolic processes are also controlled by the nervous system.