Science, asked by ABAbhishek33, 1 year ago

20 mathematical symbols and their origin

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Answered by shanzal
6
+plus signca. 1360 (abbreviation for Latin et resembling the plus sign)Nicole Oresme−minus sign1489 (first appearance of minus sign, and also first appearance of plus sign in print)Johannes Widmannradical symbol (for square root)1525 (without the vinculum above the radicand)Christoff Rudolff(…)parentheses (for precedence grouping)1544 (in handwritten notes)Michael Stifel1556Niccolò Tartaglia=equals sign1557Robert Recorde×multiplication sign1618William Oughtred±plus-minus sign1628∷proportion signn√
 radical symbol (for nth root)1629Albert Girard
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>strict inequality signs (less-than sign and greater-than sign)1631Thomas Harriot
xy
 superscript notation (for exponentiation)1636 (using Roman numerals as superscripts)James Hume
1637 (in the modern form)René Descartes√ ̅radical symbol (for square root)1637 (with the vinculum above the radicand)René Descartes%percent signca. 1650unknown÷division sign (a.k.a. obelus)1659Johann Rahninfinity sign1655John Wallis

unstrict inequality signs (less-than or equals to sign and greater-than or equals to sign)1670 (with the horizontal bar over the inequality sign, rather than below it)
1734 (with double horizontal bar below the inequality sign)Pierre Bouguerddifferential sign1675Gottfried Leibniz∫integral sign:colon (for division)1684 (deriving from use of colon to denote fractions, dating back to 1633)·middle dot (for multiplication)1698 (perhaps deriving from a much earlier use of middle dot to separate juxtaposed numbers)division slash (a.k.a. solidus)1718 (deriving from horizontal fraction bar, invented by Arabs in the 12th century)Thomas Twininginequality sign (not equal to)unknownLeonhard Eulersummation symbol1755proportionality sign1768William Emersonpartial differential sign (a.k.a. curly d or Jacobi's delta)1770Marquis de Condorcetx′prime symbol (for derivative)Joseph Louis Lagrangeidentity sign (for congruence relation)1801 (first appearance in print; used previously in personal writings of Gauss)Carl Friedrich Gauss[x]integral part (a.k.a. floor)1808product symbol1812!factorial1808Christian Kramp
set inclusion signs (subset of, superset of)1817Joseph Gergonne
1890
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