21. Write a short note about America's attack on Hiroshima and
Nagasaki.
Answers
American's attack on Hiroshima and Nagasaki:
Firstly we have to know why the America attack on Hiroshima and Nagasaki:
- During second world war the japan was occupying the near countries for pacific ocean
- So American's said to Japanese to stop occupying
- Then, the Japanese got angry and they started dropping bombs in the Island of American's called Pearl Harbor
- So, they occured lot of damage as property, life
- Then, the American's got angry and they to dropped a big nuclear bombs on Hiroshima and Nagasaki
- In the world the first country which is used the first nuclear bomb in the history, then country is "America"
Answer:
Atomic bombings" redirects here. For other uses, see Atom bomb (disambiguation).
The United States detonated two nuclear weapons over the Japanese cities of Hiroshima and Nagasaki on August 6 and 9, 1945, respectively. The two bombings killed between 129,000 and 226,000 people, most of whom were civilians, and remain the only use of nuclear weapons in armed conflict.
Atomic bombings of Hiroshima and Nagasaki
Part of the Pacific War of World War II
Two aerial photos of atomic bomb mushroom clouds, over two Japanese cities in 1945
Attomic bomb mushroom clouds over Hiroshima (left) and Nagasaki (right)
Date August 6 and August 9, 1945
Location
Hiroshima and Nagasaki, Japan
Result Allied victory
Belligerents
United States
Manhattan Project:
United Kingdom
Canada
Japan
Commanders and leaders
United States William S. Parsons
United States Paul W. Tibbets Jr.
Empire of Japan Shunroku Hata
Units involved
Manhattan District: 50 U.S., 2 British
509th Composite Group: 1,770 U.S.
Second General Army:
Hiroshima: 40,000 (5 anti-aircraft batteries)
Nagasaki: 9,000 (4 anti-aircraft batteries)
Casualties and losses
1 British, 7 Dutch, and 12 American prisoners of war killed
Hiroshima:
20,000 soldiers killed
70,000–126,000 civilians killed
Nagasaki:
39,000–80,000 killed
At least 150 soldiers killed
Total killed:
129,000–226,000
In the final year of World War II, the Allies prepared for a costly invasion of the Japanese mainland. This undertaking was preceded by a conventional and firebombing campaign that devastated 67 Japanese cities. The war in Europe concluded when Germany surrendered on May 8, 1945, and the Allies turned their full attention to the Pacific War. By July 1945, the Allies' Manhattan Project had produced two types of atomic bombs: "Fat Man", a plutonium implosion-type nuclear weapon; and "Little Boy", an enriched uranium gun-type fission weapon. The 509th Composite Group of the United States Army Air Forces was trained and equipped with the specialized Silverplate version of the Boeing B-29 Superfortress, and deployed to Tinian in the Mariana Islands. The Allies called for the unconditional surrender of the Imperial Japanese armed forces in the Potsdam Declaration on July 26, 1945, the alternative being "prompt and utter destruction". Japan ignored the ultimatum and the war continued.
The consent of the United Kingdom was obtained for the bombing, as was required by the Quebec Agreement, and orders were issued for atomic bombs to be used against Hiroshima, Kokura, Niigata and Nagasaki on July 25. On August 6, the B-29 Enola Gay dropped a Little Boy on Hiroshima, an embarkation port and industrial center that was the site of a major military headquarters. Three days later, to take advantage of favorable weather, the B-29 Bockscar dropped a Fat Man on Nagasaki, a major military port, one of Japan's largest shipbuilding and repair centers, and an important producer of naval ordnance. Over the next two to four months, the effects of the atomic bombings killed between 90,000 and 146,000 people in Hiroshima and 39,000 and 80,000 people in Nagasaki; roughly half occurred on the first day. For months afterward, large numbers of people continued to die from the effects of burns, radiation sickness, and injuries, compounded by illness and malnutrition. Most of the dead were civilians, although Hiroshima had a sizable military garrison.
Japan surrendered to the Allies on August 15, six days after the Soviet Union's declaration of war and the bombing of Nagasaki. The Japanese government signed the instrument of surrender on September 2, effectively ending the war. Scholars have extensively studied the effects of the bombings on the social and political character of subsequent world history and popular culture, and there is still much debate concerning the ethical and legal justification for the bombings