3. Bhutan being a mountainous country experiences landslides and erosion frequently that degrades the soil Suggest ways to conserve it. fantile How would. you convert it into a fertile farmland
Answers
Answer:
Explanation:
There are also various direct methods of preventing landslides; these include modifying slope geometry, using chemical agents to reinforce slope material
Answer:
All these measures, which include helping to protect the Earth from destruction and depletion, are known as soil conservation. Soil erosion in our country has been going on for so long that it has reached alarming proportions.
The following methods are usually used for soil conservation:
1. Afforestation:
One of the best ways to protect land is to increase the area under forests. 20 to 25 percent, it is said, is the minimum forest land area for the entire country that is considered healthy in terms of soil and water conservation. Nevertheless, it was increased to 33 percent in the Second Five-Year Plan; the proportion is 20 percent for plains and 60 percent for hilly and mountainous areas.
2. Control overgrazing:
Grazing is very important. But overgrazing of forests and pastures by animals, especially flocks and herds of sheep, goats, should be properly controlled. Separate pastures can be set aside. Replacement fodder crops should be grown in larger quantities.
3. Construction of dams:
One of the scientific methods of soil erosion control. Soil erosion, which occurs maximally during river floods, can be prevented by building dams across rivers. The speed of the water can be controlled and significantly saves the soil from erosion.
4. Change in agricultural practices:
We can save a lot of our valuable land by making certain changes in our farming practices. The approximate context is described below:
- (i) Crop rotation:
As the name suggests, these are rotating crops. In India, farmers grow a particular crop in the same field year after year. This practice removes certain elements from the soil, making it barren and depleted, making it unsuitable for the crop.
- (ii) Belt trimming:
Crops can be grown parallel to each other in alternating strips. Some strips may be left fallow, while others may be sown with various crops, e.g., small tree crops, grains, pulses, etc. Numerous crops ripen at different times of the year and are harvested at intervals. It is this method that ensures that the entire area will not remain bare or exposed at any time of the year.
- (iii) Use of early maturing varieties:
Primary budding varieties of crops mature in a very short time indeed. This creates less pressure on the soil. In this way, it can help reduce soil erosion.
- (iv) Contour ploughing:
Technical methods, one might say. Plowing is done at right angles to the hillside, following the natural contours of the hill. It causes ridges and furrows to interrupt the flow of water down the hill. Since there are fewer ravines, this prevents excessive soil loss. It is likely to develop and reduce runoff so the plants take in more water.
- (vi) Terracing and Contour Demarcation:
They claim it is one of the oldest methods of soil conservation. Terracing and edging contours across hillsides are very effective. It is done by cutting the hillside into a series of terraces with a horizontal top and steep slopes at the back and front.
- (vii) Shift Cultivation Control:
The Shifting Cultivation method is mainly used by tribals. We can convince the tribes to switch to settled agriculture by checking shifting cultivation. Tribal resettlement measures can help them understand the new way of cultivation. The new method includes the provision of agricultural implements and residential accommodation.
- (viii) Plowing the land in the right direction:
Plowing the soil in a direction perpendicular to the direction of the wind. This also reduces wind speed and protects topsoil from erosion.
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