Question

3. Define the following terms
a. Atom b. Isotope c. Atomic number
d. Atomic mass number e. Moderator in
nuclear reactor​

Answer 1

Answer:

A. An atom is the smallest unit of ordinary matter that forms a chemical element. Every solid, liquid, gas, and plasma is composed of neutral or ionized atoms. Atoms are extremely small, typically around 100 picometers across.

B. Isotopes are variants of a particular chemical element which differ in neutron number, and consequently in nucleon number. All isotopes of a given element have the same number of protons but different numbers of neutrons in each atom.

C. The atomic number or proton number (symbol Z) of a chemical element is the number of protons found in the nucleus of every atom of that element. The atomic number uniquely identifies a chemical element. It is identical to the charge number of the nucleus.

D. The mass number (represented by the letter A) is defined as the total number of protons and neutrons in an atom. Consider the table below, which shows data from the first six elements of the periodic table. Consider the element helium. Its atomic number is 2, so it has two protons in its nucleus.

E.The moderator of a nuclear reactor is a substance that slows neutrons down. In traditional nuclear reactors, the moderator is the same thing as the coolant: it's water! When fast neutrons strike the hydrogen atoms in H2O, they slow down a lot (like a billiard ball striking another)

Explanation:

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Answer 2

Explanation:

a.Atom-The definition of an atom is the smallest component of an element, characterized by a sharing of the chemical properties of the element and a nucleus with neutrons, protons and electrons

b.Isotope- Isotopes are atoms with the same number of protons but that have a different number of neutrons.

c.Atomic number- Atomic number, the number of a chemical element in the periodic system, whereby the elements are arranged in order of increasing number of protons in the nucleus

d.Atomic mass number- The mass number, also called atomic mass number or nucleon number, is the total number of protons and neutrons in an atomic nucleus

e.Moderator in nuclear reaction-In nuclear engineering, a neutron moderator is a medium that reduces the speed of fast neutrons, ideally without capturing any, leaving them as thermal neutrons with only minimal (thermal) kinetic energy.

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