3. How does the author compare the Indian on the street
behaviour with that of the Japanese? Whose writing does he
use to make this comparison?
Answers
Answer:
Similarity # 1 : Honorifics
The Japanese have a well- developed system of hierarchy and use of honorifics, such as ‘-san’, ‘-sama’ for a noble person, ‘sensei’ for teacher, etc.. India too has a system of using honorifics. However, the main difference between the two cultures in this regard is that unlike the Japanese who have an established, common system throughout the country, the use of honorifics vary across the length and breadth of India. This is mainly due to the existence of numerous vernacular languages. Some examples of Indian honorifics include ‘Shri’ for a man (Sanskrit), ‘ji’ for all (Hindi) , Pandit for a scholar (similar to Sensei) , and ‘Sadguru’ for religious leader.
Similarity # 2 : Respect to elders
Both the cultures give a huge emphasis on expressing respect to elders, especially senior citizens. In India it is expressed by touching the elder’s feet for blessings. In Japan, the expression is through deep bows, care and words. Joint family systems are common in both, and the oldest member is often the head of the family.
Similarity # 3 : Conservative society
The Japanese and the Indian cultures might seem pretty conservative to the western world. And they are. Public displays of affection is often scorned at in most parts of India, and not so welcome in Japan. Hugs and kisses (between opposite genders) as casual greetings are a big ‘NO – NO’ in both countries.
Similarity # 4 : Martial arts
The Japanese connection to martial arts is very obvious, considering how the Samurai culture is well known across the globe. What is not known much to the western world is the rich martial history of India. While the Japanese have kendo , judo and karate (and many others ), the Indians have ‘kalari’ (often called the ‘Mother of Martial arts’ ) , silambam and gatka (and many others as well ). The interesting part here is that the martial art forms of both cultures share a lot of similarities, owing to cultural exchange that mainly happened through Buddhist monks.
Similarity # 5 : Local deities
Wherever you go in India, you would find a new God or Goddess. Local shrines and deities are part of Indian society. So it is for the Japanese. Both cultures have a rich history of worshipping nature, attributing divinely qualities to rivers, mountains, trees, etc.., often personifying them.