Question

3 Most Important Steps Followed in Breeding of Cross Pollinated Crop

Answer 1

Important step in breeding of cross pollinated crop:-

1. Mass Pedigree Method:

In this method of breeding, the best individuals with desired characters are selected on the basis of phenotypic performance in a source population. Open-pollinated seeds of the selected individual plants are divided into two halves. Second year replicated progeny row trial is conducted using one set of half seeds from each plant.

On the basis of the progeny performance, the best parental individuals are identified. The remnant half seeds from the superior parental plants are mixed and grown in isolation for random mating during the third year.

2. Inbreeding:

The mating of individuals more closely related than individuals mating at random is known as inbreeding. The lines produced by continued inbreeding are known as inbred lines. Self-fertilization is the most intense form of inbreeding.

In plant breeding nearly homozygous lines are produced by continued self-fertilization accompanied by selection for five to six generations. This can be used as the method of breeding only in those crops, which do not show any loss of vigour due to inbreeding, like cucurbits.

3. Recurrent Selection:

Recurrent selection is a method of breeding designed to concentrate favourable genes scattered among a number of individuals by selecting in each generation among progeny produced by matings inter-se of the selected individuals (or their selfed progeny) of the previous generation.

Based on the ways in which plants with desirable characters are identified, recurrent selection has been divided into four types.

These types are:

(i) Simple recurrent selection or recurrent selection for phenotype

(ii) Recurrent selection for general combining ability

(iii) Recurrent selection for specific combining ability

(iv) Reciprocal recurrent selection

hope it's help you.