3. What are monsoon winds? Describe in detail.
Answers
Answer:
An interchange of air between the land and oceans due to unequal heating and cooling of continents and oceans is known as monsoon winds.
Our Indian economy is highly dependent on agriculture and our agriculture is dependent on the monsoon rains every year. In case the monsoon is favorable then we have a positive impact in our economy. The crops grown in different part of the country are largely dependent on the amount of rainfall in these respective areas. Indian economy is largely dependent on the wills of the nature and every year there is an uncertainty. If the monsoon fails over a wider part of the country then the result will be famine. The famine problem is largely governed by the vagaries of the monsoon. If the monsoon fails then the prices of the goods increases and the services of other class of people is diminished. Products of industry do not find a ready market and the supply of raw materials to industries also suffers. The balance of trade is also dependent on the vagaries of monsoon as if the monsoon is favourable we have a favourable balance of trade and if the monsoon is not favourable we have a negative balance of trade. The failure of the monsoon affects unfavorably the volumes and the balance of India’s foreign trade. The revenue of the government sharply decline due to the fall in the national income and the government is burdened with extra ordinary expenditures. Hence so great is the dependence of the country’s revenue and income on the monsoon every year.
Monsoon Cycles
In India, Australia and other equatorial regions, monsoons move from cold, high pressure systems to warmer areas of less resistance with low atmospheric pressure. Thus in hot summer months as the land heats up, monsoons blow inland from the sea. Come winter, the ocean retains its warmth while the land cools rapidly, and the monsoons head back out to sea. This change in direction establishes a seasonal pattern of rainfall that many farmers depend on in monsoon regions.
Summer Monsoons
The summer monsoons in India typically blow from the southwest, bringing huge amounts of rain from the Indian Ocean to the warmer land. Some high-elevation areas of India receive up to 500 centimeters (200 inches) of rain from June to September alone. Similar to summer monsoons across the globe, the rains of the Indian summer monsoon are produced as winds push moisture-laden air high into the atmosphere, where it condenses and falls in heavy precipitation.
Dry Monsoons
In the cooler winter months, the direction of monsoon winds changes as it shifts to follow the warm air back out to sea. As moisture leaves the cooling land, the "dry monsoon" season can be responsible for extensive drought in some regions. But the winter season is not as uniform as the summer monsoons and, according to the Indian state of Maharashtra's Department of the Environment, northeastern India near the Himalayas receives half of its annual precipitation during this time, and even the southwestern states of Kerala and Karnataka receive rain until December.
Embryo Monsoons
Although true monsoons are associated with the equatorial tropics, some weather patterns at higher latitudes are similar to monsoon rains, earning the moniker of "embryo monsoons." Central Europe, for example, experiences severe summer thunderstorms, and winds can change direction from summer to winter, but the weather events are sporadic and lacking in prevailing monsoonal patterns. Similarly, central Mexico and parts of the American Southwest receive heavy seasonal rains, but consistent winds are not present as the harbinger of a true monsoon.
Explanation:
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